In the present study, interactions of dopamine receptor agonists and antagonists with water swimming stress (WSS) on naloxone-induced jumping in morphine-dependent mice were examined. Mice were rendered dependent as described in the methods section. The opioid receptor antagonist, naloxone (1 mg/kg), was injected to elicit jumping (as a withdrawal sign). The first group exposed to WSS in the pr...

The transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) receptor is a nonselective cation channel localized on a subset of primary sensory neurons and can be activated by a wide range of stimuli. The present study investigated the role of this receptor in chronic arthritis evoked by complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) using TRPV1 receptor gene-deleted (TRPV1-/-) mice and wild-type counterparts (TRPV1...

Synthesis and anti-microbial screening thiazoloquinazoline derivatives Abstract A series of some new 6,7,8,9-Tetrahydro-5H-5(2'-hydroxyphenyl)-2-(4'-fluorobenzylidine)-3-(4nitrophenyl amino) thiazolo quinazoline (4a-4d) and 6,7,8,9-Tetrahydro-5H-5-(2'-hydroxy phenyl)2-(4'-substituted benzylidine)-3-(4-nitrophenyl amino) thiazolo quinazoline (5a-5d) derivatives were synthesized. The in vitro ant...

A novel fused-cyclopentenone phosphonate compound, namely, diethyl 3-nonyl-5-oxo-3,5,6,6a-tetrahydro-1H-cyclopenta[c]furan-4-ylphosphonate (P-5), was prepared and tested in vitro (LPS-activated macrophages) for its cytotoxicity and anti-inflammatory activity and in vivo (DNBS induced rat model) for its potential to ameliorate induced colitis. Specifically, the competence of P-5 to reduce TNFα, ...

Glutamatergic synaptic transmission within the striatum and prefrontal cortex regulates the neuronal synthesis of endocannabinoids. Because a primary role of dopamine is to modulate this excitatory transmission, we tested the hypothesis that dopaminergic transmission modulates endocannabinoid content in the limbic forebrain. Liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry was used to determine endogeno...

A synthesis of the racemic 6-aryloxymethyl-5-hydroxy-2,3,4,5-[1H]-2-tetrahydrobenzazepin-4-one , for evaluation as a muscarinic (M(3)) antagonist, is described. 2-[2-tert-Butyldimethylsilyloxymethyl-6-(2,6-dimethoxyphenoxymethyl)phenyl]propan-2-ol was prepared from 2,6-dimethyl-1-bromobenzene and taken through to N-[3-(2,6-dimethoxyphenoxymethyl)-2-(propen-2-yl)phenyl]methyl-N-prop-2-enyl 2-nit...