Leapfrog integration has been the method of choice in N-body simulations owing to its low computational cost for a symplectic integrator with second order accuracy. We introduce a new leapfrog integrator that allows for variable timesteps for each particle in large N-body simulations. Tests with single particles in fixed potentials show that it behaves as a symplectic integrator. We then examin...

A new type of holonomic omnidirectionul vehicle which consists of wheel mechanisms without free rollers but with conventional tires is presented. We first present a concept of the new driving wheel mechanism with a tire in the conventional style such QS a rubber tire or a pneumatic tire,"Offset Steered Driving Wheel". The configuration of the wheel has an offset distance between a wheel axle an...

We extend recent techniques for the automated capture of surface normal maps or bump maps from real-world material samples. In contrast to recent systems, which have required cumbersome laboratory setups with careful calibration, we propose a moving-camera system which requires only one light source, rigidly attached to the camera. We describe a simple but accurate image-based calibration techn...

Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor (CSTR) has particular importance in chemical industry. CSTR has usually a nonlinear behavior which makes it difficult to control. The reactor has two parameters: the concentration and temperature of mixture both of which are uncertain. This case of CSTR has large disturbance in domain. In order for disturbance rejection, a controller has to be designed. In this p...

It is essential to know galactic emissivity and spectrum of Lyman continuum (LyC) in order to understand the cosmic reionization. Here we consider an escape of nebular LyC from galaxies and examine the consequent spectral energy distribution. It is usually assumed that hydrogen nebular LyC mostly produced by bound-free transitions is consumed within photo-ionized nebulae (so-called “on-the-spot...

The hybrid pixel detectors used in the high energy physics experiments currently under construction use a three dimensional connection technique, the so-called bump bonding. As the pitch below 100 μm, required in these applications, cannot be fullfilled with standard industrial processes (e.g. the IBM C4 process), an in-house bump bond process using reflown indium bumps was developed at PSI as ...

The DArk Matter Particle Explorer has made the most precise measurements of galactic cosmic rays to date.