The aim of this research was to enhance bioethanol production via immobilization and microencapsulation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae CICC 1001 into delignified cellulosic material (DCM), prepared from sawdust and Na alginate. It has been demonstrated that microencapsulation process using Alginate: DCM ratio of (1:1.5) and alginate solution of 2.5% by wt, attained the highest microencapsulation e...

Background: The presence of pesticides is very prevalent in surface waters of Iran. These toxic substances may accumulate in the food chain and cause serious ecological and health problems. The aim of this study was to determine the acute toxicity of glyphosate, deltamethrin and pretilachlor as potential dangerous organic pesticides to assess lethal effects of these chemicals agents to the Gupp...

Postharvest physiological deterioration (PPD) is a global challenge in the improvement of cassava value chain. However, how to reduce cassava spoilage and reveal the mechanism of injured cassava storage roots in response to PPD were poorly understood. In the present study, we investigated the activities of antioxidant enzymes of cassava injured storage roots in PPD-susceptible (SC9) and PPD-tol...

Bacillus sp. MG-33 was isolated from the desert of Rajasthan (India). The organism produced 500 and 200 Ug of thermostable mannanase (after 96h) in solid state fermentation (SSF) of wheat bran and wheat straw rich-soda pulp at the moisture ratio of 1:1.5 and 1:3 at 30oC, respectively. Two-step partially purified mannanase was optimally active at 65oC and was 100% thermostable at 55 to 60oC for ...

Xylanase production from Bacillus pumilus VLK-1 in solid state fermentation was enhanced through optimization of the process using one variable approach. The enzyme production was highest (42324±786 IU/g) upon 96h of incubation at 37°C using wheat bran as a substrate moistened with mineral salt solution (pH 9.0) containing 0.1% folic acid, 0.2% riboflavin and 6.0% yeast extract in the ratio of ...

The silkworm, Bombyx mori, has a dimorphic sperm system. The eupyrene sperm is the sperm to fertilize eggs and the apyrene sperm plays a crucial role for assisting fertilization. Heat-treated (33 degrees C for 96h) Daizo (DH) males, one of the strains in the silkworm, produce only eupyrene sperm, while in triploid males only apyrene sperm are functional. Though both types of males are found to ...

Embryo development depends on maternal and embryonic factors. When occurs in vitro, embryos secrete factors that stimulate their development. The purpose of this study was to investigate the possible effects of embryos at morula stage on mouse embryo development in vitro. To obtain conditioned media (CM), morulas were cultured in groups of 5 (CM5) or 10 (CM10) in microdrops of Ham-F10 culture m...

Paradoxical sleep deprivation (PSD) increases pain sensitivity and reduces morphine antinociception. Because dopaminergic neurons in the periaqueductal gray matter (PAG) participate in pain modulation and opioid-induced antinociception, we evaluated the effects of PSD on thermal pain sensitivity, morphine- and L-DOPA-induced antinociception and dopaminergic functionality in the PAG by assessing...

The effects of modification to an interpenetrating network (IPN) system composed of gelatin and poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate were characterized by protein release kinetics, fibroblast adhesion, and in vivo host response. The maximum cumulative percent of parvalbumin released from various IPN formulations ranged from 17.6+/-3.2% to 56.9+/-35.4% over 2-96h. Despite modifying gelatin with ethy...