Abscisic acid (ABA) is an important phytohormone that plays a critical role in seed development, dormancy, and stress tolerance. 9-cis-Epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase is the key enzyme controlling ABA biosynthesis and stress tolerance. In this study, we investigated the effect of ectopic expression of another ABA biosynthesis gene, ABA2 (or GLUCOSE INSENSITIVE 1 [GIN1]) encoding a short-chain dehyd...

BACKGROUND Corticotrophin-releasing hormone (CRH) is considered to be the central driving force of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, which plays a key role in the stress response and depression. Clinical reports have suggested that excess retinoic acid (RA) is associated with depression. Abscisic acid (ABA) and RA are direct derivatives of carotenoids and share a similar molecular struct...

Plants encounter various stresses such as drought and salinity which adversely affect growth, development and crop productivity. The expression of the genes Delta -1- pyr-roline – 5 - carboxylate synthetase (P5CS) and Betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase (BADH) extends throughout various protec-tive mechanisms in plants and allows them to adapt to unfavorable environmental condi-tions. P5CS and BADH ...

Several NAC transcription factors promote lateral root (LR) numbers in Arabidopsis through the auxin signaling pathway. In soybean, a majority of genotypes increased LR number in response to water deficit. It is possible that drought inducible soybean NAC may be involved in the regulation of this enhanced LR number. Two drought responsive soybean GmNAC003 and GmNAC004 genes were included in the...

To study the effects of adriamycin on the expression of BRCA1 and PARP-1 in BRCA1 wild-type MCF-7 cells. We used Western blotting to detect BRCA1 and PARP-1 levels in MCF-7 cells treated with adriamycin, and used flow cytometry to detect apoptotic MCF-7 cells. Results showed that adriamycin can increase PARP-1 activation in a dose- and time-dependent manner. BRCA1 levels were also increased upo...

Previous work suggested that an increase in cell wall-loosening contributes to the maintenance of maize (Zea mays 1.) primary root elongation at low water potentials (h). It was also shown that root elongation at low +w requires increased levels of abscisic acid (ABA). In this study we investigated the effects of low +w and ABA status on xyloglucan endotransglycosylase (XET) adivity in the root...

BACKGROUND Western diet and lifestyle are associated with overweight, obesity, and type 2 diabetes, which, in turn, are correlated with neuroinflammation processes. Exercise and a healthy diet are important in the prevention of these disorders. However, molecules inhibiting neuroinflammation might also be efficacious in the prevention and/or treatment of neurological disorders of inflammatory e...

It is widely accepted that the 14-3-3 family proteins are key regulators of multiple stress signal transduction cascades. By conducting genome-wide analysis, researchers have identified the soybean 14-3-3 family proteins; however, until now, there is still no direct genetic evidence showing the involvement of soybean 14-3-3s in ABA responses. Hence, in this study, based on the latest Glycine ma...

Plants subjected to a prior dehydration stress were seen to have altered transcriptional responses during a subsequent dehydration stress for up to 5 days after the initial stress. The abscisic acid (ABA) inducible RD29B gene of Arabidopsis thaliana was strongly induced after the first stress and displayed transcriptional memory with transcript levels nine-fold higher during the second dehydrat...

Plant responses to stress occur via abscisic acid (ABA) dependent or independent pathways. Sucrose non-fermenting1-related protein kinase 2 (SnRK2) play a key role in plant stress signal transduction pathways. It is known that some SnRK2 members are positive regulators of ABA signal transduction through interaction with group A type 2C protein phosphatases (PP2Cs). Here, 10 SnRK2s were isolated...