Carotenoids are a family of about 700 fat-soluble molecules that are only produced by phytoplankton, algae, plants, and a limited number of fungi and bacteria. Beta-carotene was named after its isolation from carrots and is probably the most familiar carotenoid. It is categorized as a ‘carotene’ whereas other carotenoids with additional oxygenated groups, such as lutein, are ‘xanthophyll’ (ZAN-...