Children with specific reading comprehension difficulties were compared with control children on tests of language skill. The two groups performed at a similar level on tests requiring predominantly phonological skills, but the poor comprehenders performed less well on tests tapping semantic ability. Although the two groups were matched for decoding ability (as assessed by nonword reading), the...

T gran Cien 000 Spa 776 the with reco supp stru S IDE A Soto Brit 1Z4 mation in the activation of spoken words. Listeners heard neutral sentences ending with word fragments (e.g., princi-) and made lexical decisions on letter strings presented at fragment offset. Responses were compared for fragment primes that fully matched the spoken form of the initial portion of target words, versus primes ...

We investigate two generalizations of insertion and deletion of words, that have recently become of interest in the context of molecular computing. Given a pair of words (x, y), called a context, the (x, y)-contextual insertion of a word v into a word u is performed as follows. For each occurrence of xy as a subword in u, we include in the result of the contextual insertion the words obtained b...

Two experiments with Chinese–English bilinguals were conducted to examine the recognition of code-switched words in speech. In Experiment 1, listeners were asked to identify a codeswitched word in a sentence on the basis of increasing fragments of the word. In Experiment 2, listeners repeated the code-switched word following a predesignated point upon hearing the sentence. Converging evidence f...

In two experiments, we compared performance on different tests of memory. Word stems were presented to be completed as an indirect test of memory. For a direct test of memory, the same stems were presented as cues for recall of earlier-presented words. Subjects in a generate/recognize test condition generated a completion for each word stem and then judged whether the generated word was present...

In studies on affective priming of pronunciation responses, participants are asked to read target words that are preceded by prime words with the same (e.g., CANCER–UGLY) or a different (e.g., BIRTHDAY–UGLY) valence. Previous studies revealed a mixed pattern of results. We report the results of an experiment in which we observed shorter reaction times on trials where the prime and target had th...

This study compared the effects of two annotation modalities on the reading comprehension of Iranian intermediate level EFL learners. The two experimental groups under study received treatment on 10 academic L2 reading passages under one of two conditions: One group received treatment on key words in the reading passages through a multimedia environment providing textual annotations. The second...

A Bi-Level Analysis of the Effect of the Household SES and the Provincial Level of Development on Academic Deprivation among Iranian Children M. Amiri Academic deprivation (AD) among school age Iranian children is a major problem as many of them fail to go or continue to go to school for a variety of reasons.  This deprivation could be a function of factors at both the family...