The hematopoietic syndrome of acute radiation syndrome (h-ARS) is characterized by severe bone marrow aplasia, resulting in a significant risk for bleeding, infections, and death. To date, clinical management of h-ARS is limited to supportive care dictated by the level of radiation exposure, with a high incidence of mortality in those exposed to high radiation doses. The ideal therapeutic agent...

High dose, acute radiation exposure, as in radiation accidents, induces three clinical syndromes that reflect consequences of oxidative protein, lipid, and DNA damage to tissues such as intestine, lung, and liver. In the present study, we irradiated C57BL/6 mice with 18 Gy whole-body radiation (XRT) and evaluated N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) isomers LNAC and DNAC as potential radioprotectors under c...

AP: Acute Pneumonia; COVID-19: Coronavirus Disease; SARS: Severe Respiratory Syndrome; MERS: Middle East Syndrome

The gastrointestinal (GI) syndrome component of acute radiation syndrome (ARS) results from depletion of immature parenchymal stem cells after high dose irradiation and contributes significantly to early mortality. It is associated with severe, irreparable damage in the GI tract and extremely low survival. There is a need for the development of viable mitigators of whole body irradiation (WBI) ...

1. Hall EJ. Radiobiology for the radiologist. 5th ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott, Wiliams & Wilkins; 2000. 2. Aypar U, Morgan WF, Baulch JE. Radiation-induced genomic instability: are epigenetic mechanisms the missing link? Int J Radiat Biol. 2011;87:179--91. 3. Fliedner TM, Friesecke I, Beyrer K. Medical Management of Radiation Accidents: Manual on the Acute Radiation Syndrome. Oxford: British I...

More than 1000 radiation workers are engaged in about 70 private industrial radiography companies (IRCs) using 312 mobile gamma radiography devices (GRDs) in Iran. These companies mainly carry out radiography in open areas using 192Ir radioactive sources, ranging from 0.07 to 3 TBq (2-80 Ci). The radiation accidents that occurred in these companies led to acute radiation syndrome in 13 workers ...

Accidental or therapeutic total body exposure to ionizing radiation has profound pathophysiological consequences including acute radiation syndrome. Currently only investigational drugs are available in case of radiological or nuclear accidents or terrorism. Lack of selective radioprotectants for normal tissues also limits the therapeutic doses that can be delivered to treat cancers. CD47 is a ...

background: astronauts will be exposed to both chronic space radiation and acute high doses of energetic radiation of solar particle events in long-term deep space missions. the application of radioprotectors in space missions has basic limitations such as their very short time window as well as their acute toxicity and considerable side effects. the aim of the present study was to investigate ...

The MDS cases (n=3) among acute radiation syndrome (ARS) survivors after the ChNPP accident were analyzed. MDS diagnoses were based on FAB (1982) and WHO classifications and included the refractory anemia (RA) (patient D. with ARS grade III), refractory anemia with ringed sideroblasts (RARS) (patient B. with ARS grade III), and unclassified MDS (MDS-U) (patient S. with ARS grade I). Clinical ma...