Hypertension is a major risk factor for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease. Lifelong environmental factors (eg, salt intake, obesity, alcohol) and genetic factors clearly contribute to the development of hypertension, but it has also been established that stress in utero may program the later development of the disease. This phenomenon, known as fetal programming can be modeled in a ran...

Adrenal crisis is a life-threatening emergency contributing to the excess mortality of patients with adrenal insufficiency. Studies in patients on chronic replacement therapy for adrenal insufficiency have revealed an incidence of 5-10 adrenal crises/100 patient years and suggested a mortality rate from adrenal crisis of 0.5/100 patient years. Patients with adrenal crisis typically present with...

spontaneous adrenal hematoma is a very rare condition and its prevalence has been reported to be about 1% in previous studies. although various causes have been proposed to explain its incidence in existing case reports, the etiology and pathology of this condition is still not known. the present study presents a case of spontaneous adrenal hematoma in a pregnant 31 year old woman without histo...

Androgens are intricately involved in reproductive and aggressive behaviors, but the role of the androgen receptor in mediating these behaviors is less defined. Further, activity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis can influence each other at the level of the androgen receptor. Knowledge of the mechanisms for androgens' effects on behaviors through...

To determine whether activation of the type 2 adrenal steroid receptor affects granule cell death in the developing dentate gyrus, we treated rat pups with the type 2 receptor agonist RU28362 and examined degenerating cells using terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) and Nissl staining. RU28362 administration decreased the numbers of degenerating gr...

abstract   background: isolated adrenal hemorrhage is an uncommon condition and its diagnosis is usually made during autopsy. adrenal hemorrhage (ah) is one of the very rare complications of trauma in adults. ah is associated with meningococcal septicemia and disseminated intravascular coagulation (water house–friderichsen syndrome). hypotension, tumors, complications of pregnancy, surgical str...

Bovine adrenal chromaffin cells possess both nicotinic and muscarinic cholinergic receptors, but only nicotinic receptors have heretofore appeared to mediate Ca2+-dependent exocytosis. We have now found that muscarinic receptor stimulation in bovine adrenal chromaffin cells leads to enhanced inositol phospholipid metabolism as evidenced by the rapid (less than 1 min) formation of inositol trisp...

Adrenal gland pseudocysts are not common conditions, and most of them are nonfunctional and asymptomatic. However, large pseudocysts may causes abdominal discomfort and have compressive effects on adjacent organs. They may rupture spontaneously or after trauma, and lead to retroperitoneal hemorrhage and surgical emergency. Herein, we report a case of 21-year-old female who presented with acute ...

conclusions whenever a cushingoid appearance is accompanied by adrenal insufficiency, the exogenous use of steroids, especially topical creams, should be explored. hypertension may persist even after cessation of use and may result in life threatening complications. case presentation the present report describes the cases of three children and a 25-year-old man who presented with clinical featu...

Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) is an important regulator of systemic hemodynamics and epithelial ion transport. To further investigate the mechanism of PGE2 action, a clone encoding a PGE2 receptor was isolated from a rabbit kidney cortex cDNA library. Expression of the full-length cDNA in COS-1 cells yielded a ligand-binding profile typical for a butaprost-insensitive Gs-coupled E-prostanoid (EP) rec...