Dillapiol was isolated from the essential oil of dill as a specific inhibitor of aflatoxin G1 production. It inhibited aflatoxin G1 production by Aspergillus parasiticus with an IC50 value of 0.15 microM without inhibiting aflatoxin B1 production or fungal growth. Apiol and myristicin, congeners of dillapiol, showed similar activity with IC50 values of 0.24 and 3.5 microM, respectively.

There are three approaches to aflatoxin detection in corn: (1) a presumptive test that can be done in the field to determine whether a corn lot should be analyzed for aflatoxin or not; (2) rapid screening methods to establish the presence or absence of toxin: and (3) quantitative methods to detennine toxin levels. The presumptive test for aflatoxin in corn is the black light test or the bright ...

This paper reports the evidence for the existence of multiple sites of action of aflatoxin B, in relation to its inhibition of rat hepatic nuclear RNA synthesis. Two hours after aflatoxin B, injection (0.3 mg/lOO g body weight), rat hepatic nuclear and nucleolar RNA synthesis, in vitro, were inhibited 70 and 90% respectively. When total nuclear free and engaged RNA polymerases were solubilized ...

Aflatoxin contamination of corn in the field is influenced by several factors. In the southern U.S., insect populations are usually large every year. Drought caused by warmer and drier than normal weather is conducive to A. flavus infection and aflatoxin contamination of corn, Zea mays L. When loose-husked hybrids are used in the southern U.S., they accentuate insect damage and aflatoxin contam...

This study was conducted to assess major Aspergillus species and aflatoxins associated with groundnut seeds and cake in Eastern Ethiopia and evaluate growers' management practices. A total of 160 groundnut seed samples from farmers' stores and 50 groundnut cake samples from cafe and restaurants were collected. Fungal isolation was done from groundnut seed samples. Aspergillus flavus was the dom...

This paper reports the evidence for the existence of multiple sites of action of aflatoxin B1 in relation to its inhibition of rat hepatic nuclear RNA synthesis. Two hours after aflatoxin B1 injection (0.3 mg/100 g body weight), rat hepatic nuclear and nucleolar RNA synthesis, in vitro, were inhibited 70 and 90% respectively. When total nuclear free and engaged RNA polymerases were solubilized ...

The present investigation is an attempt to evaluate the possible ameliorative effect of turmeric extracts/curcumin on aflatoxin induced hemolysis in vitro. Blood samples were collected from healthy adult human beings (25-30 years old) in EDTA vials and were used for preparation of RBC suspension in saline. Saline suspension of RBC was treated with aflatoxin (0.5-2.0 microg/mL) with and without ...

A preliminary approach to achieve compatible simultaneous extraction of aflatoxin and residual oil from pressed oil meals was conducted to determine the minimum amount of water to be added to ethanol versus necessary time to achieve complete removal of aflatoxin. Commercial anhydrous, 96, 93 and 90°GL ethanol were utilized in trials with Soxhlet extractors. Commercial anhydrous ethanol did not ...

Of 120 isolates of the Aspergillus flavus group from pecans used in bakery products, 85 were shown to produce aflatoxin on yeast extract sucrose medium. Extracts from moldy sections of raw pecans obtained commercially at the retail level showed aflatoxin-like spots on thin-layer chromatography. Cooked (autoclaved) pecans inoculated with toxigenic isolates of A. flavus were also good substrates ...

PksA catalyzes the formation of the polyketide backbone necessary for aflatoxin biosynthesis. Based on reporter assays and sequence comparisons of the nor1-pksA intergenic region in different aflatoxin-producing Aspergillus species, cis-acting elements for the aflatoxin pathway-specific regulatory protein, AflR, and the global-acting regulatory proteins BrlA and PacC are involved in pksA promot...