The rule of law entails government accountability, equal access to justice and the political process, efficient judicial and political systems, clear laws, generally stable laws, and the protection of fundamental human rights. This paper explores whether Islamic law conforms to these principles in theory and in practice. Three conclusions are reached. First, various early Islamic institutions w...

Muslims living in the Indonesian archipelago have long placed considerable importance on their travels to and communications with what they saw as intellectual centers for the study of Islam. I trace some of the effects of these “intellectual pilgrimages” to Mecca, Cairo, and elsewhere on Indonesian deliberations about Islam, particularly concerning Islamic law. I argue that these references to...

Islamic finance is a prohibition-driven industry, aiming to avoid the prohibitions of riba and gharar. It is well accepted in Islamic jurisprudence that riba and gharar do not affect the legal validity of non-commutative financial contracts (e.g. gifts). Jurists have long viewed this as a potential solution to the problem of gharar in commercial insurance, proposing mutual insurance as a non-co...

A. JAFARIAN1, P. GHADERI2, ALIREZA K. GOLMANKHANEH3, D. BALEANU4,5,6 1Department of Mathematics, Uremia Branch, Islamic Azan University, Uremia, Iran E-mail: [email protected] 2Department of Mathematics, Uremia Branch, Islamic Azan University, Uremia, Iran E-mail: [email protected] 3Department of Physics, Uremia Branch, Islamic Azan University, P.O.BOX 969, Uremia, Iran E-mail: alir...

Shun Han Rebekah Wong is Assistant Librarian in the Multimedia Services Section and T.D. Webb is previous University Librarian, both at Hong Kong Baptist University Library; e-mail: rebekahw@hkbu. edu.hk, [email protected]. Sincere thanks go to Dr. Tong Chong Sze (previous Academic Registrar, HKBU) and Mr. Manson Yiu (Executive Officer, Academic Registry, HKBU). Without their cooperation, thi...

BACKGROUND Access to direct-to-consumer genetic testing services has increased in recent years. However, disparities in knowledge and awareness of these services are not well documented. We examined awareness of genetic testing services by rural/urban and racial/ethnic status. METHODS Analyses were conducted using pooled cross-sectional data from 4 waves (2011-2014) of the Health Information ...

Evidence has shown that Islamic banking is experiencing tremendous development since the last three decades, especially in Malaysia. This study is aimed at investigating factors thatdetermine the Islamic banking performance in Malaysia, particularly in the period of 2006 to 2010. The predictors are loan loss provision to total assets, net loans to total assets, total overhead cost to total asse...

the paper, first, reviews the development of social welfare issue and then investigates how primary welfare policy and social insurance has been formulated and accepted in europe. it is argued that social events which caused by industrialization and urbanization led to formation of social welfare and welfare state. eleven resources, in iran, have been known as welfare approaches and produced sp...

This study determined trends in the contributions of the public and private sectors to the cataract surgery output in the Islamic Republic of Iran. Data about cataract surgeries performed at surgical centres throughout the nation were extracted from patient charts for a 5-year period from 2006 to 2010. Of the total 516 273 surgeries performed in 2010, more were done in public sector centres (61...

OBJECTIVE To describe the emergence of the nutrition transition, and associated morbidity shifts, in the Islamic Republic of Iran. DESIGN Review and analysis of secondary data relating to the socio-political and nutritional context, demographic trends, food utilisation and consumption patterns, obesity, and diet-related morbidity. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS The nutrition transition in Iran is ...