the main goal of this study is to identify the determinants of the energy intensity in the iranian economy using annual data for the period 1974-2012. changes in energy intensity can be seen as related to three factors including price, income, and autonomous energy efficiency improvements (based on technical progress). moreover the role of energy quality in enhancement of total factor productiv...

castor bean (ricinus communis l.( with a capability to withstand harsh conditions, low nutritional needs, 50 percent of oil content and high- quality, is one of the best crop used to produce biodiesel. the first step toward introduction and widespread cultivation of this crop is to investigate the energy balance for its cultivation. to do so, energy input (include renewable and nonrenewable) an...

Since Batson ( 1940) drew attention to the paravertebral system of veins there have been a number of reports of cases of spinal osteomyelitis attributed to the spread of infection by venous route from the pelvis (Deming and Zaff 1942; Donohue 1949; Myrhe 1949; Hurwitz and Albertson 1950; Alderman and Duff 1952; Romanus 1953; Wood 1954; Mussey 1954; DeFeo 1954; Leigh. Kelly and Weens 1955; Henso...

Some properties of homometric sets are known in Music Theory for at least fifty years [16]. We define homometric sets in graphs as follows. Let G = (V,E) denote a simple graph with the vertex set V and the edge set E. Given a vertex set V ′ ⊆ V , the profile of V ′ denotes the multiset of pairwise distances in G between the vertices of V ′. Two disjoint vertex sets of the same size A ⊆ V and B ...

Let G = (V,E) be a simple graph of maximum degree ∆. The edges of G can be colored with at most ∆ + 1 colors by Vizing’s theorem. We study lower bounds on the size of subgraphs of G that can be colored with ∆ colors. Vizing’s Theorem gives a bound of ∆ ∆+1 |E|. This is known to be tight for cliques K∆+1 when ∆ is even. However, for ∆ = 3 it was improved to 26 31 |E| by Albertson and Haas [Parsi...

background: appetite lowering characteristics of dairy have attracted scientists to look for its effect on energy intake particularly among children. in the present study, we tried to assess the effect of low-fat milk on total and short-term energy intake among obese boys in a randomized three-way cross-over clinical trial. methods: a total of 34 obese 10-12-year-old boys were randomized to con...

one of the most important issues about production structure and measurement of factors utilization in industry is the study of substitutability among the production factors. while, energy, for its particular features like finite and the direct relationship between energy usage and air pollution; and specifically abundance of energy resources and allocation of subsidies to different energy carri...

The building sector accumulates approximately a third of the final energy consumption. Consequently, the improvement of the energy efficiency in buildings has become an essential instrument in the energy policies to ensure the energy supply in the mid to long term moreover is the most cost-effective strategy available for reducing carbon dioxide emissions This paper is studying the main objecti...

although on the basis of geo-economic theories, study of energy-related issues is of strategic importance to all countries, energy resources are no more restricted to oil and gas reserves as was the case during the past century. of course, these resources are still key elements of global energy reserves. today, in addition to geo-politics and geo-economics, the concept of hydro-geopolitics puts...

one hundred twenty male broiler chickens of 20 d of age were used to study the effect of enzyme supplementation on the apparent metabolisable energy corrected for nitrogen in corn, wheat and triticale using total excreta collection or marker methods. the average apparent metabolisable energy corrected for nitrogen in corn, wheat and triticale on dry matter basis, were 3480 ±90, 3263 ±61 and 326...