The ability of Meloidogyne trifoliophila to gall 230 species and cultivars of plants was determined in a greenhouse. All clovers (Trifolium spp.) were severely galled regardless of species or cultivar. Most soybean cultivars were moderately to severely galled. Among other legumes, broad bean, garden pea, Korean lespedeza, sweetclover, and common vetch were good hosts, but alfalfa, bird's-foot t...

Galantamine is a natural product belonging to the isoquinoline alkaloid family of compounds. It was first discovered and isolated in the 1950s from Galanthus nivalis (common snowdrop) and Galanthus woronowii (Caucasian snowdrop), members of the Amaryllidaceae family (Marco and do Carmo Carreiras, 2006). Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is named after Dr. Alois Alzheimer, who first identified the diseas...

A new lycorine derivative LT1 (4) was isolated from the aerial part and bulbs of Lycoris traubii Hayward (Amaryllidaceae). Its structure including absolute configuration was established by spectroscopic analysis and semi-synthesis to be 1-O-(3'S)-hydroxybutanoyllycorine. Some lycorine ester derivatives including LT1 were examined for their inhibitory activity against Trypanosoma brucei brucei, ...

Zephycandidine A (1), the first naturally occurring imidazo[1,2-f]phenanthridine alkaloid, was isolated from Zephyranthes candida (Amaryllidaceae). The structure of 1 was elucidated by spectroscopic analyses and NMR calculation, and a plausible biogenetic pathway for zephycandidine A (1) was proposed. Zephycandidine A (1) exhibited significant cytotoxicity against five cancer cell lines with IC...

Screening of small-molecule libraries is an important aspect of probe and drug discovery science. Numerous authors have suggested that bioactive natural products are attractive starting points for such libraries because of their structural complexity and sp(3)-rich character. Here, we describe the construction of a screening library based on representative members of four families of biological...

The mannose-binding agglutinin from bulbs of Lycoris aurea (LAA) agglutinates rabbit but not human erythrocytes. The molecular mass of the monomer in SDS/PAGE is 12 kDa while the apparent molecular mass in gel filtration is 48 kDa, indicating that LAA is a homotetramer. The full-length cDNA of LAA contains 683 bp with an open reading frame encoding a protomer of 162 amino-acid residues. Hydroph...