The present investigation is concerned with the biosynthesis of the commonly occurring open chain amino acids and proline. The methods used were tracer techniques, including isotopic competition. Since similar studies were recently carried out with Escherichiu coli (13),l the results obtained here with Torulopsis utilis and Neurospora crassa are discussed from the point of view of comparative b...

Biosynthesis of proteinogenic amino acids in the extremely halophilic archaeon Haloarcula hispanica was explored by using biosynthetically directed fractional 13C labeling with a mixture of 90% unlabeled and 10% uniformly 13C-labeled glycerol. The resulting 13C-labeling patterns in the amino acids were analyzed by two-dimensional 13C,1H correlation spectroscopy. The experimental data provided e...

1. [(14)C(2)]Glyoxylate was rapidly metabolized by carrot storage tissues, pea leaves, pea cotyledons, sunflower cotyledons, corn coleoptiles, corn roots and pea roots. In many tissues over 70% of the supplied [(14)C(2)]glyoxylate was utilized during the 6hr. experimental periods. 2. In all tissues, the chief products of [(14)C(2)]-glyoxylate metabolism were carbon dioxide, glycine and serine. ...

BACKGROUND The herbicides glyphosate (Gly) and imazamox (Imx) inhibit the biosynthesis of aromatic and branched-chain amino acids, respectively. Although these herbicides inhibit different pathways, they have been reported to show several common physiological effects in their modes of action, such as increasing free amino acid contents and decreasing soluble protein contents. To investigate pro...

Computational comparative techniques were applied to analysis of the aromatic amino acid regulons in gamma-proteobacteria. This resulted in characterization of the TrpR and TyrR regulons in the genomes of Yersinia pestis, Haemophilus influenzae, Vibrio cholerae and other bacteria and identification of new members of the PhhR regulon in the genome of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Candidate attenuators...

The degradation and reduction in number of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins are representative biological changes associated with decreased elasticity resulting various skin problems. Elastin is an ECM protein that plays important role maintaining the skin’s structure. It highly elastic helps tissue regain its shape after stretching or contracting. We aimed to evaluate efficacy product conta...

The diets of laboratory rats were isotopically and nutritionally manipulated using purified C3 and/or C4 macronutrients to investigate the routing of dietary carbon to bone collagen biosynthesis. Diets were formulated with purified proteins, carbohydrates and lipids of defined composition and natural abundance stable isotope ratios. Bulk protein and constituent amino acid delta(13)C values dete...

study was undertaken to establish the optimum dietary indispensable amino acid (IAA) profile for yellow fin seabream broodstock based on the amino acid (AA) profile of broodstock, eggs and larvae of Acanthopagrus latus. Three isonitrogenous (40%) and isolipid (20%), named diets 1, 2 and 3 were formulated with different ratios of total essential amino acids per total non-essential amino acid...

Stringent strains of microorganisms stop net ribonucleic acid (RNA) synthesis when deprived of their essential amino acids (18). The means by which the synchrony between RNA and protein biosynthesis is achieved has been the subject of research since the discovery of the relaxed mutant (2). This strain is genotypically capable of net RNA synthesis in the absence of net protein production. It was...

The 20th century saw numerous important discoveries in the nutritional sciences. Nonetheless, many unresolved questions still remain. Fifteen questions dealing with amino acid nutrition and metabolism are posed in this review. The first six deal with the functionality of sulfur amino acids (methionine and cysteine) and related compounds. Other unresolved problems that are discussed include prio...