Six pulse oximeters with finger probes were studied in three groups of 17 hypoxemic patients with COPD aged 50 to 75 years. Transcutaneous arterial oxygen saturation (SpO2) was measured with the Nellcor N101 (oximeter 1a), the Ohmeda Biox III (oximeter lb), the Nellcor N200 (oximeter 2a), the Critikon Oxyshuttle (oximeter 2b), the Radiometer Oxi100 (oximeter 3a), and the Ohmeda Biox 3700 (oxime...

To better understand the interaction of physical activity and air pollution exposure, it is important to quantify the change in ventilation rate incurred by activity. In this paper, we describe a method for estimating ventilation using easily-measured variables such as heart rate (HR), breathing rate (fB), and forced vital capacity (FVC). We recruited healthy adolescents to use a treadmill whil...

One fundamental problem with streaming audio and video data over unreliable IP networks is that packets may be dropped or arrive too late for playback. Traditional error control schemes are not attractive because they either add redundant information that may worsen network traffic, or rely solely on the inadequate capability of the decoder to do error concealment. In this paper, we propose a s...

Synchronous code-division multiple-access (CDMA) communication systems with randomly chosen spreading sequences and capacity-achieving forward error correction coding are analyzed in terms of spectral efficiency. Emphasis is on the penalties paid by applying single-user coding in conjunction with suboptimal multiuser receivers as opposed to optimal joint decoding which involves complexity that ...

| TURBO-BLAST is a novel multi-transmit multi-receive (MTMR) antenna scheme for highthroughput wireless communications. It exploits a novel space-time coding scheme based on the independent block forward error correction (FEC) codes and space-time interleaving, and a near optimal iterative decoder, for decoding a new generation of space-time codes. The proposed iterative decoder has two decodin...

This chapter discusses important aspects of the validation and verification of neural network models including selection of appropriate error metrics, analysis of residual errors and resampling methodologies for validation under conditions of sparse data. Error metrics reviewed include mean absolute error, root mean squared error, percent good and absolute distance error. The importance of inte...

It is difficult to build an accurate model to predict the dynamic error of CMM by analyzing error sources. An innovative modeling method based on Variance Analysis and Improved Partial Least-square regression (IPLSR) is proposed to avoid analyzing the interaction of error sources and to overcome the multi-collinearity of Ordinary Least-square regression (OLSR). Among many impact factors the mos...