The subject of this work is specific aspects the formation psychological, intellectual, and physical readiness a civilian for adversity adequate actions in risk situations context systematic preparation self-defense. purpose study was to clarify views authors on peculiarities development martial arts adaptation their elements into system combat sports as part special training content complement...

When military alliances are expensive, they naturally raise distributional issues. This article considers two theories to explain how much a state will voluntarily contribute to the economic burdens of defense. Empirical work has relied largely on data from the twentieth century. This article provides an out-of-sample test to evaluate the models. Using data on the Quintuple Alliance, the result...

.................................................................................................................................... 3 I. PHASE I RESULTS SUMMARY....................................................................................................... 3 II. POTENTIAL APPLICATIONS ..........................................................................................................

As governments become increasingly involved in cyberspace for military purposes, they tend to consider the cyber domain as critical part of their security strategies. This growing reliance on cyber assets calls for deeper investigation on the features of cyberspace as well as their impact on state rivalry. The paper draws from the insights of Offence/Defense Balance (ODB) theory to discuss whet...

Abstract Defence resources management relies on effective decision processes that underline more than just the process of spending money from approved budget. Decision makers should be able to easily trace amounts spend not only input items (such as number airplanes purchased or salary expenses in a military unit), but also capability and effects produced by its employment. This information is ...