1. INTRODUCTION The Hawaiian Islands have unique and varied microclimates. The localized nature of these microclimates means that they will be affected differently by the larger-scale climatic influences of the region. Included in the principal large-scale climate controls are the position of the islands on the earth's surface, the trade winds, wintertime mid-latitude storms, subtropical storms...

This study has used TOMS AI as well as the reanalysis dataset of thirty-four years (1979-2012) to investigate the influence of atmospheric circulation on dust transport during the Harmattan period in West Africa, using Aerosol Index (AI) data, obtained from various satellite sensors. Changes in Inter-Tropical Discontinuity (ITD), Sea Surface Temperature (SST) over the Gulf of Guinea, and North ...

a r t i c l e i n f o a b s t r a c t discuss an important consideration for models of zonal winds deep within giant planets. However, the constraints they propose for the depth of the winds are based on their prescriptions for the internal structures of the magnetic field and zonal winds. The same kinematic analysis applied to other plausible configurations would produce no constraint on the d...

This study reports the first measurements of nitrogen uptake and new data on carbon fixation (15N/13C incorporation) for two size-fractionated phytoplankton (<2 μm >2 μm), organic matter, stocks in Ahe lagoon. Data were collected between November December 2017, during hot season with prevailing trade winds. Ammonium nitrate (7.58 to 39.81 1.80 21.43 μmol N m−3 h−1, respectively) suggest a rapid...

Cross-basin winds produced by asymmetric insolation of the crater sidewalls occur in Arizona’s Meteor Crater on days with weak background winds. The diurnal cycle of the cross-basin winds is analyzed together with radiation, temperature, and pressure measurements at the crater sidewalls for a 1-month period. The asymmetric irradiation causes horizontal temperature and pressure gradients across ...

Till now low-level winds were retrieved using Kalpana-1 infrared (IR) images only. In this paper, an attempt has been made to retrieve low-level cloud motion vectors using Kalpana-1 visible (VIS) images at every half an hour. The VIS channel provides better detection of low level clouds, which remain obscure in thermal IR images due to poor thermal contrast. The tracers are taken to be 15× 15 p...

The global population structure and dispersal patterns of Pantala flavescens (Fabricius, 1798) are evaluated using a geographically extensive mitochondrial DNA dataset, more limited samples nuclear markers, wing isotopic (?²H) data literature review. No spatial or temporal haplotype was recovered between the samples. Isotope suggest that most were immigrants at collection locations. A review mi...