Two experiments evaluated the effect of retinal image size on the proto-object model of visual clutter perception. Experiment 1 had 20 participants order 90 small images of random-category real-world scenes from least to most cluttered. Aggregating these individual rankings into a single median clutter ranking and comparing it to a previously reported clutter ranking of larger versions of the i...

Proto-oncogenes are the genes that have potential to transform normal cells into cancer as a result of mutations. They usually contain encoding proteins whose function is inhibit cell differentiation, stimulate division, and prevent death cells. While prognosis regarding proto-oncogene may occur at varying phases cancer, accuracy identification method always questionable. The standard procedure...

We consider a generic proto-cell model consisting of any conservative chemical reaction network embedded within a membrane. The membrane results from the self-assembly of one of the chemical species (membrane precursor) and is semi-permeable to some other chemical species (nutrients) diffusing from an outside growth medium into the proto-cell. Inside the proto-cell, nutrients are metabolized in...

W e present proto-dialog skills of a n anthropomo-rphzc robot, Kismet. The implementation is modeled after the proto-conversational skills of human infants. W e have supplemented Kismet’s vocal turn-taking skills with other para-linguistic socaal cues. W e have found that naive subjects intuitavely read and m e these cues to regulate the exchange, making it smoother over time.

During the past decade, archaeological studies conducted in the Seymareh River catchment area have provided invaluable findings for analytical investigations and, thus, gaining insights into various fields such as pottery, architecture, and multifarious cultural artefacts. Amongst the most significant of such archaeological findings are cemeteries with their cultural implications, which provide...

The study of oncogenic viruses led to the discovery that transforming retroviruses contain oncogenes homologous with and/or derived from cellular proto-oncogenes. In humans malignant transformation is often the result of the activation of proto-oncogenes. Normal proto-oncogenes can be activated to transforming proto-oncogenes by a variety of mechanisms including point mutation, translocation an...

The English word "health" comes from the Old English word hale, meaning "wholeness, a state of being and feeling whole, sound or well" [1]. Hale comes from the Proto-Indo-European root "kailo", meaning "whole, uninjured, of good omen". Kailo comes from the Proto-Germanic root "khalbas", meaning "something (un)divided". [...].

The first structures were proto-voids formed in the primordial plasma when viscous forces balanced gravitational forces at the Hubble, or horizon, scale of causal connection LH ≡ ct ≈ LSV ≡ (γν/ρG) , where t ≈ 30 000 years was the age of the universe, c the speed of light, γ ≈ 1/t the rate of strain, ν the kinematic viscosity, and LSV Gibson’s 1996 viscous Schwarz scale. The photon viscosity ν ...