Background: Anabolic-androgenic steroids are used at high doses by athletes for improving athletic ability, physical appearance and muscle mass. Therefore, the abuse of these steroids has been significantly increased. Many undesirable side effects of these steroids on the male reproductive function have been reported, however, little is known about their effects on sexual behavior and tissues o...

Harms associated with anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS) use are well-established and a public health concern. Robust estimates of the numbers using AAS needed to inform responses, however, in UK these lacking. Due comparative rarity stigma, general population surveys problematic data availability limits indirect approaches. To address this, Delphi method was used refine key parameters for esti...