Objective: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is associated with significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. This disease affects the lungs and organs outside the lungs. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of anemia in patients who were referred to teaching hospitals of Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Methodology: Three hundred ninety two pati...

Mild hypoproliferative anemia with abnormal iron metabolism frequently accompanies chronic inflammation and infection in humans. To determine whether anemia is associated with chronic relapsing arthritis induced by bacterial cell wall polymers, serial determinations of the hematocrit were measured in rats injected intraperitoneally with sonicated peptidoglycan-polysaccharide fragments from grou...

Anemia in chronic kidney disease is a prevalent and expensive problem in the United States, and it is well documented that anemia worsens as glomerular filtration rates decline. The complications of severe anemia in this patient population contribute significantly to their overall morbidity with increased cardiovascular complications, decreased quality of life, and increased dependence on trans...

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a serious public health problem and its incidence has increased in recent years. It is progressive and is associated with high morbidity and mortality rates.1 There are several conditions associated with CKD onset and progression. We stress the following: obesity, hypertension and diabetes mellitus. In addition to these conditions, there are signs of inflammation...

Over the past few decades, there has been an increase in the number of reports about newly recognized (atypical or unusual) manifestations of Graves' disease (GD), that are related to various body systems. One of these manifestations is sometimes the main presenting feature of GD. Some of the atypical manifestations are specifically related to GD, while others are also similarly seen in patient...

Anemia of chronic disease (ACD) is defined as anemia occurring in chronic infections, inflammatory conditions or neoplastic disorders that are not due to marrow deficiencies or other diseases, and occurring despite presence of adequate iron stores and vitamins. The main underlying reason for ACD is previous chronic inflammation or infection. The present study was conducted to evaluate and compa...

Anemia is a common comorbidity in patients with heart failure and is associated with worse long-term outcomes. Although the cause of anemia in heart failure is unclear, the weight of evidence suggests that renal dysfunction, along with neurohormonal and proinflammatory cytokine activation in heart failure, favors the development of anemia of chronic disease, with defective iron utilization, ina...

Background: Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS) is a life-threatening and scarce disorder characterized by acute renal failure and disease, non-immune microangiopathic hemolytic anemia and thrombocytopenia, leading to end-stage renal failure or death, and consequently maybe accompanying by extra renal manifestations. Case report: We reported aHUS accompanied by autoimmune hemolytic anemi...