BACKGROUND The period 2006-2009 saw intensive scale-up of HIV prevention efforts and an increase in reported safer sex among brothel and street-based sex workers in Mumbai and Thane (Maharashtra, India). Yet during the same period, the prevalence of HIV increased in these groups. A better understanding of sex workers' risk environment is needed to explain this paradox. METHODS In this qualita...

We study from both a theoretical and an empirical perspective how a network of military alliances and enmities affects the intensity of a conflict. The model combines elements from network theory and from the politico-economic theory of conflict. We obtain a closed-form characterization of the Nash equilibrium. Using the equilibrium conditions, we perform an empirical analysis using data on the...

The project stakeholder literature has evolved into a voluminous body of knowledge in recent years. However, comparatively little research has focused on stakeholders in the context of transnational projects. Transnational projects in their entirety have become ubiquitous and very numerous over time, especially with the advent of globalization, and many exhibit an enormous level of technical co...

The recent passing of Louis Chauvois in Paris, will fill many an English heart with sorrow. For he was the cultured French gentleman at his best, and his courteous manner and his beautiful powers of speech were something never to be forgotten. When he and his charming granddaughter attended the tercentenary commemoration in London of the death of William Harvey in 1957, they truly dominated tha...

In 1985 Gardner, publishing on sexual abuse [1], described a clinical picture, Parental Alienation Syndrome (PAS) as a “disorder that arises primarily in the context of childcustody disputes. Its primary manifestation is the child’s campaign of denigration against a good, loving parent, a campaign that has no justification.”[2]. Originally Gardner defined PAS in gender specific terms, mothers a...

This project involves surveying university students in China, using the Newest Vital Sign (NVS) – a commonly accepted nutrition literacy test, in order to analyze their nutrition literacy and dietary choices, specifically their attitude towards American fast food. A colleague, Jeffrey He, will investigate the cultural implications of fast food in China. The ultimate goal is to understand Chines...

This monograph examines from a psychological perspective the use of metaphors in framing counterterrorism. Four major counterterrorism metaphors are considered, namely those of war, law enforcement, containment of a social epidemic, and a process of prejudice reduction. The war metaphor is as follows: Wars are fought by states; the enemy is thus an identifiable entity whose interests fundamenta...

Two studies examined misperceptions of disagreement in partisan social conflicts, namely, in the debates over abortion (Study 1) and politics (Study 2). We observed that partisans tend to exaggerate differences of opinion with their adversaries. Further, we found that perceptions of disagreement were more pronounced for values that were central to the perceiver’s own ideology than for values th...

Current interactive entertainment is not strategy-aware, in that it does not allow users to execute a wide range of real-world strategies in the context of the artificial environment, it does not recognize when users are trying to execute these strategies, and it does not include software opponents and partners that are capable of executing a varied range of strategies in response to user actio...

In a classic psychological experiment performed in the late 1960s, animals in one group could stop administered shocks by pressing a lever, whereas those in another group could not stop the shocks despite pressing the lever. Later, when the powerless animals were eventually presented with a working lever, they didn’t bother to push it. The animals had learned to be helpless. Carol S. Dweck wond...