The aim of this study was to describe the incidence distribution of colorectal cancer in Fortaleza, Ceará State, and Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil, and the time trend in the disease from 1990 to 1999. Mean annual age-adjusted incidence rates and estimated annual percent change were calculated by gender, using population-based cancer registries. EAPC showed an increase in the rat...

Each Local Research Ethics Committee (LREC) is expected to produce an annual report for its establishing authority. Reports from 145 LRECs were examined with regard to (a) whether the committees were working within the terms of the most recent guidelines from the Department of Health and (b) observations on the role of LRECs with particular reference to accountability. Most LRECs had produced a...

On 28 January 2010 the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) and the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) launched their annual report on zoonoses and food-borne outbreaks for 2008. The report provides a comprehensive overview of zoonotic infections and disease outbreaks caused by consuming contaminated food. The number of reported human cases of the three most reported zoo...

a study on natural radioactivity in virgin and agricultural soil samples collected from sungai petani was conducted using high-purity germanium. the mean activity concentrations of 226ra, 232th, and 40k in virgin soils were 51.06±5.83, 78.44±6.42, and 125.66±7.26 bq kg−1, respectively, while those in agricultural soils were 80.63±5.78, 116.87±7.87, and 200.66±18.24 bq kg−1, respectively. the co...

The mean annual effective dose from natural radionuclides for users of drilled wells was estimated to be 0.41 mSv, for users of wells dug in the ground 0.05 mSv and for people using water from waterworks 0.02 mSv. The highest effective dose from drinking water was caused by 222Rn (Fig. 2) constituting 75% and 60% of the total effective dose caused by all natural radionuclides for drilled-well u...

BACKGROUND The frequency of hip arthroscopy for the treatment of acute and chronic chondrolabral pathology and femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) has increased exponentially over the past decade. While surgeon and patient radiation exposure has been well documented in other areas of the orthopaedic literature, little is known about the procedure-specific and cumulative doses affecting the hip a...

PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES The clinical effects of radiation dose-intensification in locally advanced non-small cell lung (NSCLCa) and other cancers are challenging to predict and are ideally studied in randomized trials. The purpose of this study was to assess the use of dose-escalated radiation for locally advanced NSCLCa in the U.S., 2004-2013, a period in which there were no published level 1 studi...

Background: With the introduction of computed tomography in diagnostic radiology a new and fundamentally different imaging modality has become available. Meanwhile, it is clear that the absorbed doses by the patients during CT were relatively high in comparison with those of other diagnostic radiology techniques. The aim of this survey was to determine the average absorbed dose in Yazd provin...

abstract background: the radiological impact of the use of phosphate fertilizers in soil is due to the internal irradiation of the lung by the alpha particles, short lived radon-thoron progeny and the external irradiation of the body by gamma rays emitted from radionuclides in situ. this paper describes the results of gamma spectrometric measurements of the concentration of the natural radionuc...