Neuroimaging studies have revealed significant reductions in the gray matter (GM) of several brain regions in patients with schizophrenia, a neuropsychiatric disorder with high hereditability. However, it is unclear whether unaffected relatives have GM abnormalities in common with their affected relatives, which may relate to susceptibility to developing schizophrenia. To address this issue, we...

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to use amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) to explore regional brain activities in healthy subjects after sleep deprivation (SD). MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 16 healthy subjects (eight females, eight males) underwent the session twice: once was after normal sleep (NS), and the other was after SD. ALFF was used to assess local brain features. ...

The year 2016 marks the centenary of the birth of Francis Crick (1916-2004), who made outstanding contributions to genetics and neuroscience. In 1953, in a collaborative study, Francis Crick and James Watson discovered the DNA double helix, and in 1962 they and Maurice Wilkins were awarded the Noble Prize in Physiology or Medicine. Crick subsequently became very interested in neuroscience, part...

An unusual motor neurone disease with a characteristic denervation atrophy of muscle is described in an infant. The striking change is a vacuolization of the cytoplasm of the affected ganglion cells in many motor nuclei of spinal cord and brain-stem, and in the claustrum. To our knowledge this disease has not yet been described in man and similar pathological changes have been found only in a c...

introduction traumatic lumbar spondylolisthesis is rare disease and in the literature, different surgical approaches, including anterior, posterior, or combined approaches (posterior and anterior) are used to treat the lesion. case presentation we treated a case of traumatic lumbosacral spondylolisthesis using posterior approach and the patient showed a satisfactory outcome. at the final follow...

Perception improves by repeated practice with visual stimuli, a phenomenon known as perceptual learning (VPL). The interplay of attentional and neuromodulatory reward signals is hypothesized to cause these behavioral associated neuronal changes, although VPL can occur without attention (i.e., task-irrelevant VPL). In addition, task-relevant be category-selective for simple attended oriented sti...