desertification is more related to social and anthropogenic issues than natural causes and it becomes moreimportant over the time. human effects on desertification could be classified as direct and indirect factors. this studyhas focused on the effect of management factor, as a dominant case, on desertification of kashan region based onimdpa (imdpa: iranian model of desertification for potentia...

soil contamination significantly reduces environmental quality and affects human health. to investigate and assess the effects of land use on the concentrations of some heavy metals in surface soils of golestan province, 227 soil samples (0-60 cm) were collected from three types of land uses including agricultural lands, natural, and industrial areas. the total metals and metalloids (cr, se, as...

concentrations of elements (as, co, cu, ni, mo, pb, v, cd, cr and zn) are studied in the surface sediments of bakhtegan lake, northwest of nyriz city, iran, to assess metal contamination. the average abundance order of trace elements content in bakhtegan lake sediments is cr>ni> v> zn> cu> co> as> pb> mo>cd. the comparison of trace elements concentration in bakhtegan lake sediments with toxicol...

desertification is more related to social and anthropogenic issues than natural causes and it becomes moreimportant over the time. human effects on desertification could be classified as direct and indirect factors. this studyhas focused on the effect of management factor, as a dominant case, on desertification of kashan region based onimdpa (imdpa: iranian model of desertification for potentia...

Combustion-induced carbonaceous aerosols, particularly black carbon (BC) and brown carbon (BrC), have been largely considered as the only significant anthropogenic contributors to shortwave atmospheric heating. Natural iron oxide (FeOx) has been recognized as an important contributor, but the potential contribution of anthropogenic FeOx is unknown. In this study, we quantify the abundance of Fe...

Humans have transformed Europe’s landscapes since the establishment of the first agricultural societies in the mid-Holocene. The most important anthropogenic alteration of the natural environment was the clearing of forests to establish cropland and pasture, and the exploitation of forests for fuel wood and construction materials. While the archaeological and paleoecological record documents th...

Whether anthropogenic mortality is additive or compensatory to natural mortality in animal populations has long been a question of theoretical and practical importance. Theoretically, under density-dependent conditions populations compensate for anthropogenic mortality through decreases in natural mortality and/or increases in productivity, but recent studies of large carnivores suggest that an...

In this study the origin, behaviour and fate of anthropogenic Pb in sandy roadside soils were assessed by measuring soil characteristics, Pb isotope composition and content. In 1991 and 2003 samples were taken at different depth intervals at approximately 8 and 75 m from two highways in The Netherlands. The Pb isotope composition of the litter layer ((206)Pb/(207)Pb=1.12-1.14) differs from the ...

Thirty five bottom sediment samples were collected in a grid pattern from Wadi Al-Arab Dam. The present study focuses on the levels of Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, Cd, total organic matter (TOM) and carbonate content (CO(3)(-2)) in order to assess the extent of environmental pollution and to discuss the origin of these contaminants in sediments of the dam. Concentration data were processed using correlation...

Surroundings of the Legnica Cu smelter (Poland) offer insight into the behavior of Pb and other metal(oid)s in heavily contaminated soils in a relatively simple site, where lithogenic and anthropogenic Pb contributions have uniform Pb isotope composition over the time of smelter activity. Distribution of metal(oid)s decreases asymptotically with depth and below 30 cm reaches concentrations typi...