Impervious surface area is a direct consequence of the urbanization, which also plays an important role in urban planning and environmental management. With the rapidly technical development of remote sensing, monitoring urban impervious surface via high spatial resolution (HSR) images has attracted unprecedented attention recently. Traditional multi-classes models are inefficient for imperviou...

To get land cover information of study city area, and according to the spectral feather of the wanted classes including water, vegetation, impervious surface, and soil at LANDSAT-TM remote sensing image, we used a method that using three indexes including normalized difference vegetation index, modify normalized difference water index, and ratio impervious surface index to extract the thematic ...

One of the major complications associated with implantation biomedical devices regardless their function is biomaterial-associated infection. Infections are generally initiated by opportunistic bacterial colonization and biofilm development on surface implanted biomaterials, rendering infection impervious to host defenses antimicrobials. Moreover, around soft tissues also has a significant role...

A hierarchical-based classification method was designed to develop time series land-use/land-cover datasets from Landsat images between 1977 and 2008 in Lucas do Rio Verde, Mato Grosso, Brazil. A post-classification comparison approach was used to examine land-use/land-cover change trajectories, which emphasis is on the conversions from vegetation or agropasture to impervious surface area, from...

This paper compares the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and percent impervious surface as indicators of surface urban heat island effects in Landsat imagery by investigating the relationships between the land surface temperature (LST), percent impervious surface area (%ISA), and the NDVI. Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) and Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+) data were used to estim...

Abstract Rapid urbanization is replacing natural land with dark, impervious surfaces. This has led to dire urban consequences including rising temperatures and stormwater deluge, resulting in significantly higher energy costs, greater damage, associated health comfort impacts. These issues can be mitigated using smart surfaces, those high reflectivity permeability, which achieve sustainable reg...

Novel physical and chemical conditions of many modern ecosystems increasingly diverge from the environments known to have existed at any time in the history of Earth. The loss of natural land to urbanization is one of the most prevalent drivers of novel environments in freshwaters. However, current understanding of aquatic community response to urbanization is based heavily upon aggregate indic...

This paper seeks a relationship between corallivore abundance and biomass in the Line Islands and coral reef degradation/anthropogenic influence in these locales. Specifically, three randomly chosen sites at each of Palmyra Atoll, Fanning Island, and Christmas Island, were tested. Through six thirty-meter transects, abundance of predetermined Chaetodon and Labropsis were tallied and run through...