I took the title of this chapter from an email Herbert A. Simon sent me in May 1999. In this email, he wrote a statement for the back cover of Simple Heuristics That Make Us Smart in which he commented: “I think the book strikes a great blow for sanity in the approach to rationality [and shows] why more than minor tampering with existing optimization theory is called for.” But Herb wouldn’t be ...

The connection between Adam Smith and Alasdair MacIntyre is not evident at first glance. In fact, those who know MacIntyre's work might bristle at the association. MacIntyre is inherently anti-capitalist. He believes that moral people ought to reject the modern state and large-scale corporations. 1 He also rejects what he terms the enlightenment project, claiming not only that it failed but tha...

The September 11th attacks on the U.S. caused unanticipated changes in global arena. Their depiction fictional discourse contributed to broad understanding of events and their memorialization. In this paper, I analyze Mohsin Hamid’s novel Reluctant Fundamentalist which presents perspective those who were silenced dominant rhetoric 9/11 tragedy single-mindedly blamed as “evil others.” Through hi...