Early graft loss due to instant blood-mediated inflammatory reactions (IBMIRs) is a major obstacle of clinical islet transplantation; inhibition of blood coagulation and complement activation is necessary to inhibit IBMIRs. Here, human soluble form complement receptor 1 (sCR1) and heparin were co-immobilized onto the surfaces of islet cells. sCR1 molecules carrying thiol groups were immobilized...

Corneal allografts, like other foreign tissues, are subject to immunologic attack and rejection. Efforts to prolong graft survival have included the use of antilymphocyte serum and blocking antibodies. In this study antilymphocyte serum was tested as a potential corneal allograftblocking reagent. It has been demonstrated that guinea pig anti-rabbit lymphocyte serum and the gamma globulin fracti...

Treatment with a 2-week course of anti-CD154 antibody and a single transfusion of donor leukocytes (a donor-specific transfusion or DST) permits skin allografts to survive for >100 days in thymectomized mice. As clinical trials of this methodology in humans are contemplated, concern has been expressed that viral infection of graft recipients may disrupt tolerance to the allograft. We report tha...

Interleukin 2 (IL2)-mediated activation of lymphocytes is a critical pathway in the cellular immune response of acute kidney transplant rejection. Anti-CD25 antibodies (antiCD25ab, also known as IL2 receptor antagonists (IL2RA)) are humanized or chimeric IgG monoclonal antibodies to the alpha subunit of the CD25 receptor present only on activated T lymphocytes and competitively antagonize this ...

Cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA4) appears to negatively regulate T cell activation. One mechanism by which CTLA4 might antagonize T cell function is through inhibition of CD28 signaling by competing for their shared ligands B7-1 and B7-2. In addition, CTLA4 ligation could initiate a signaling cascade that inhibits T cell activation. To address whether CTLA4 could inhibit immune responses...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate direct versus indirect monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1/CCR2 signaling and to identify the cellular producers and effectors for MCP-1 during neointimal hyperplasia (NIH) development in vein grafts. METHODS AND RESULTS Genomic analysis revealed an overrepresentation of 13 inflammatory pathways in wild-type vein grafts compared with CCR2 knockout vein grafts. Furth...

BACKGROUND The effectiveness of anti-CD154 monoclonal antibodies in prolonging the survival of mouse allografts is dependent on the strain combination. In this report, we examined the impact of the donor and the recipient strains on the success of CD40-CD154 blockade. MATERIALS AND METHODS Cardiac allograft survival was monitored in different donor/recipient strain combinations. Morphometric ...