The antibody response to sporozoites of Plasmodium falciparum and the role of these antibodies in protection against malaria have not been systematically investigated. An understanding of antisporozoite antibodies in natural infection is, however, important to the development of a human malaria vaccine. In a prospective study in Thailand, an antibody response to sporozoites was observed only in...

Mice genetically engineered to be humanized for their Ig genes allow for human antibody responses within a mouse background (HumAb mice), providing a valuable platform for the generation of fully human therapeutic antibodies. Unfortunately, existing HumAb mice do not have fully functional immune systems, perhaps because of the manner in which their genetic humanization was carried out. Heretofo...

Serum neutralization antibody and immunoglobulin responses in 30 individuals were studied in paired serum samples which had been obtained before and 2 to 3 weeks after the administration of a recall dose of rabies tissue culture vaccine. The immune reaction consisted of a predominantly immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody response. Also, a significant increase in neutralizing antibody titers was obs...

The Jerne plaquing technique for the demonstration of single antibody-forming cells was employed to study the kinetics of the antibody response that accompanies experimental immunogenic uveitis in rabbits produced by intravitreal injection of sheep erythrocyte stromas. Prior to the onset of uveitis, a modest increase in antibody formation in the spleen can be detected. With the appearance of uv...

Active immunotherapy targeting β-amyloid (Aβ) is the most promising strategy to prevent or treat Alzheimer's disease (AD). Based on pre-clinical studies and clinical trials, a safe and effective AD vaccine requires a delicate balance between providing therapeutically adequate anti-Aβ antibodies and eliminating or suppressing unwanted adverse T cell-mediated inflammatory reactions. We describe h...

The need for a reliable serological test for occult staphylococcal infection has long been evident, especially for the diagnosis of lesions of the spine and hip. Earlier reports on the use of the anti-a-haemolysin (Lack and Shelswell, 1955; Lack, 1957), and anti-leucocidin tests (Towers and Gladstone, 1958; Towers, 1961) have placed us in a position to compare the value of these two tests; anti...

Exposure to moulds is thought to cause adverse health effects ranging from vague subjective symptoms to allergy and respiratory diseases. Until now, most studies have been emphasizing low levels of exposure. In Norwegian sawmills during the 1980s, extensively high spore counts up to 10(7) spores/m3 air were reported. By using serum samples obtained from sawmill workers during that period, in ad...

1. No difference in susceptibility to infection between splenectomized and non-splenectomized monkeys was observed when virus was injected intravenously in large amounts. 2. In a small series of animals, the results suggested that splenectomy decreased resistance to amounts of virus subinfective for non-splenectomized monkeys. 3. Splenectomy subsequent to intravenous or intrasplenic inoculation...

Five recombinant Toxoplasma gondii antigens, designated B427, C51, C55, V22, and MBP30 were assessed for their potential use in an enzyme-linked immunoassay (EIA) for detection of T. gondii infection in swine. The antigens were evaluated with sera from young pigs that had been fed 1-10,000 T. gondii oocysts of the VEG or GT-1 strains. Results were compared with an EIA using a native T. gondii a...

Rabbits primarily stimulated with a BSA (bovine serum albumin)-sulfanilic acid complex will produce a good secondary response to the sulfanilic acid hapten if the carrier used in the secondary stimulus is again BSA, and not if the secondary carrier is HGG (human gamma globulin). In the latter situation, a good secondary response is obtained, however, if the rabbits are pretreated a few weeks ea...