background: there is a controversy about the relation between anti-hepatitis b (anti-hbs) antibody level and obesity. we designed this study to compare the vaccine efficacy in obese/overweight and non-obese cases. methods: in this cross-sectional study, 242 obese/overweight and 85 non-obese individuals were participated. cases were selected from a referral clinic for obesity and a referral hepa...

background/aims: inflammatory bowel disease (ibd) is a chronic disease of the gastrointestinal tract, whose etiologies are still unknown. this study was performed to evaluate the humoral immune response in terms of b cell functions in selected ibd patients. methods: eighteen pediatric patients with ibd, including 12 cases of ulcerative colitis (uc) and six with crohn disease (cd), were enrolled...

introduction: glial activation and secretion of cytokines at the spinal level is known as part of chronic pain pathogenesis. although changes in tnfα at the supraspinal level are reported during chronic pain, its exact role and site of action remain to be elucidated. we investigated the effect of microinfusion of tnfα into the lc in a rat model of neuropathic pain. methods: male wistar rats wer...

Background and Aims: Foot-and-Mouth Disease (FMD) is a highly contagious infectious disease of livestock which has made a barrier to hygiene causing severe loss in livestock and their products. The aim of this study was the assessment of antibody response against foot and mouth disease virus  types A13, A15 , O2010, after injection of FMD vaccine candidate produced by Razi Institue. Mater...

Objective: To compare the levels of serum zinc, calcium and magnesium between preeclamptic patients normal pregnant women. Study Design: Retrospective/ Comparative study. Setting: Department Obs & Gynae, Social Security Landhi Hospital Karachi. Period: March 2019 to October 2019. Material Methods: 90 women were included for this research. Patients divided into two groups randomly, Group-A (...

Purpose. To find out if the serum IgG level in the newborn baby was affected by low maternal serum IgG during pregnancy in two newly diagnosed primary antibody deficient patients. Method. Infant cord blood IgG level was compared with maternal IgG level in 2 mothers with newly diagnosed primary antibody deficiency, who declined replacement IgG treatment during pregnancy. Results. Both mothers de...

Antibody-mediated suppression of the in vitro immune response to polymerized flagellin of Salmonella adelaide and to sheep erythrocytes was studied at the cellular level. Normal mouse spleen cells, preincubated in vitro with mixtures of antigen and antibody for short periods of time before being washed, did not respond to an optimal antigenic challenge in vitro, whereas similar cells treated wi...

BACKGROUND Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease which is characterized by B-cell abnormality and auto-antibody generation. Since bacterial infections are the most important causes of mortality in these patients, pneumococcal vaccination is recommended for children with SLE. OBJECTIVE To investigate humoral immunity and specific-antibody formation in response to a...

Chimeric (murine/human) anti-CD4 monoclonal antibody was infused into seven patients with mycosis fungoides. Successive patients received doses of 10, 20, 40, and 80 mg of antibody twice a week for 3 consecutive weeks. All patients had some clinical improvement, but responses were of relatively short duration. Serum levels of chimeric antibody varied as a function of dose. At the 80-mg dose lev...