INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................................................................564 Brief History ............................................................................................................................................................565 MAJOR GROUPS OF ANTIMICROBIAL COMPOUNDS FROM PLANTS ......

The treatment of infectious diseases still remains an important and challenging problem because of a combination of factors including emerging infectious diseases and the increasing number of multi-drug resistant microbial pathogens. In spite of a large number of antibiotics and chemotherapeutics available for medical use, at the same time the emergence of old and new antibiotic resistance crea...

Antibiotics have increased life expectancy. Self-medication, even over the Internet, occurs in many countries where antibiotics are classified as prescription-only medicines. Collateral damage caused by antibiotic use includes resistance, which could be reduced if the inappropriate use of antibiotics that takes place globally, especially in low-income countries, could be prevented. Surveillance...

In endodontic (root canal) treatment, a multispecies bacterial and fungal infection is present in a place that is inaccessible to the host immune system and which offers physical protection from applied topical agents. All current protocols for irrigation suffer various deficits in performance, which is why further research on alternative approaches to using antimicrobial substances is warrante...

Gram-negative ESKAPE pathogens (Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterobacter species) are important etiologic agents of nosocomial infection that are frequently resistant to broad-spectrum antimicrobial agents. Gram-negative ESKAPE pathogens were collected from hospitalized patients in 11 Latin American countries from 2013 to 2015 as part of the Study...

A major complication of peritoneal dialysis is the development of peritonitis, which is associated with reduced technique and patient survival. The inflammatory response elicited by infection results in a fibrin and debris-rich environment within the peritoneal cavity, which may reduce the effectiveness of antimicrobial agents and predispose to recurrence or relapse of infection. Strategies to ...