The antiretroviral therapy is a lifelong use of combination three or more drugs (ARVDs). One the factors contributing to significant decrease in patients’ adherence treatment high toxicity ARVs. aim study safety retrospectively and based on spontaneous reports about adverse drug reactions (ADRs) inputted ARCADe database. Materials method. objects our research were 649 messages ARVDs recorded re...

Surprisingly, immunosuppressive treatment can enhance the efficacy of conventional HIV-1 antiretroviral treatment, and can be beneficial for HIV-1infected patients. This argues for a role of target cell availability in limiting the HIV-1 infection, and is in agreement with mathematical models suggesting that immunosuppression may limit the outgrowth of drugresistant escape mutants. Immunosuppre...

dyslipidemia has become a common problem in human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) disease, especially in patients on combination antiretroviral therapy. we investigated the prevalence of and factors associated with dyslipidemia in hiv-infected patients in iran. in this cross-sectional study, 190 hiv positive patients who referring to behavioral disease consulting centers (shemiranat, varamin) and ...

Early diagnosis of Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in infants provides a critical opportunity to strengthen follow-up HIV- exposed children using dried blood spots and assure early access antiretroviral treatment for infected children. This study aimed determine the prevalence HVI-1 infection born HIV-seropositive mothers. infant HIV sub-type I was carried out on 286 babies HIV-I seropositiv...

Background Limited treatment options have been available for people with HIV who have had virological failure of the three original classes of HIV antiretroviral drugs—so-called triple-class virological failure (TCVF). However, introduction of new drugs and drug classes might have improved outcomes. We aimed to assess trends in virological and clinical outcomes for individuals with TCVF in 2000...

The striking improvement of HIV infec-tion–related morbidity and mortality after the introduction of HAART in the mid 1990s [1] was followed by the daunting realization that eradication of HIV infection is not possible with current antiret-rovirals and that prolonged HAART leads to substantial abnormalities in the metabolism of glucose and lipids, which may accelerate the progression of atheros...

BACKGROUND The T-20 vs. Optimized Regimen Only Study 1 (TORO 1) was a randomized, open-label, phase 3 study of enfuvirtide (T-20), a human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) fusion inhibitor. METHODS Patients from 48 sites in the United States, Canada, Mexico, and Brazil with at least six months of previous treatment with agents in three classes of antiretroviral drugs, resistance to drugs...

The anti-Toxoplasma activities of nine antiretroviral drugs were examined in vitro. Nucleoside analogs had no effect on parasite growth, whereas ritonavir and nelfinavir were inhibitory for Toxoplasma, with 50% inhibitory concentrations of 5.4 and 4.0 microg/ml, respectively. None of the antiviral drugs affected the anti-Toxoplasma activity of pyrimethamine or sulfadiazine.

The number of individuals seeking treatment for infection with human immunodeficiency virus increased as the cost of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) decreased 20-fold after the introduction of generic HAART in India in the year 2000. The incidence of tuberculosis and opportunistic infections decreased to <2 cases per 100 person-years. Death rates decreased from 25 to 5 deaths per 1...

disease are much less likely than men with HIV to receive potentially lifeprolonging drugs even though they have private health insurance that would help pay for the drugs, according to a recent study from the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. Fred J. Hellinger, Ph.D., and William E. Encinosa, Ph.D., of AHRQ’s Center for Delivery, Organization, and Markets, found that only 39 percent ...