We generalize the Lax pair and Bäcklund transformations for Liouville and Toda field theories as well as their supersymmetric generalizations, to the case of arbitrary Riemann surfaces. We make use of the fact that Toda field theory arises naturally and geometrically in a restriction of so called W–geometry to ordinary Riemannian geometry. This derivation sheds light on the geometrical structur...

We investigate the parity-broken phase structure for staggered and naive fermions in the Gross-Neveu model as a toy model of QCD. We consider a generalized staggered Gross-Neveu model including two types of four-point interactions. We use generalized mass terms to split the doublers for both staggered and naive fermions. The phase boundaries derived from the gap equations show that the mass spl...

On the human brain activities in social interaction, there may be associated with some kind of reinforcement mechanism like crowd psychology or mimicking drive, or sometimes, creating a social mechanism like punishments. Some of such reinforcement mechanisms can be interpreted with a nonlinear Polya urn process of which W. Brian Arthur(1994) is fond. He called structure as emergence of a new co...

I show that spontaneous breaking of vector flavor symmetry on the lattice is impossible in gauge theories with a positive functional-integral measure, for discretized Dirac operators linear quark masses, if corresponding propagator and its commutator generators can be bounded norm independently configuration uniformly volume. Under these assumptions, any order parameter vanishes symmetric limit...

The dynamic load test is currently an important and usual tool for design, control, quality assurance of deep foundations. objective this paper to compare the expected geotechnical capacity through empirical semi-empirical Brazilian methods with ultimate pile obtained from interpretation Dynamic Load Tests (DLT; PDA). stress-settlement curve was constructed CAPWAP analysis blows different drop ...