In 30 normal women with a singleton pregnancy, transvaginal Doppler ultrasound was used to record flow velocity at the fetal atrioventricular (AV) valve and outflow tract levels (ascending aorta and pulmonary artery) at 11 to 13 weeks of gestation. Technically acceptable flow velocity waveforms were recorded at the AV valve level in 19 fetuses and in the ascending aorta and pulmonary artery in ...

We report the case of a three-year-old girl who complained from dysphagia and post-prandial vomiting since she was 6 months old. Several diagnostic work-ups were performed for her problem. Upper GI endoscopy was normal but barium swallow revealed an external pressure effect over upper part of the esophagus (figure 1) and the CT angiography of thoracic aorta showed that this external pressure ef...

Anatomic In this paper a common (single) ventricle is defined as a ventricular chamber that receives the input of blood from both atrioventricular valves either separately or as a common atrioventricular valve" 2 (fig. 1). This common ventricular chamber may or may not communicate with a secondary, smaller outflow chamber. The two great vessels (aorta and pulmonary artery) may arise from the co...

Figure 1: Preoperative chest computed tomography showed an idiopathic aortic root aneurysm with a maximal size of 15 cm, greatly compressing the left ventricular outflow tract, ascending aorta, right atrium and right ventricle. There was a persistent left superior vena cava. There were no clinical findings of Marfan syndrome or Ehlers–Danlos syndrome. Figure 2: A cardiopulmonary bypass was made...

• Warner and Toronto have described a method for detecting and quantitating aortic regurgitation. This method involves simultaneous recording of indicator dilution curves from the left radial and femoral arteries following injections, at specific phases of the cardiac cycle, into the descending aorta at and downstream from the origin of the left subclavian artery. From these measurements they d...

Familial hypercholesterolemia is an autosomal-dominant disorder in which mutations in the low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor gene cause high levels of LDL and premature coronary artery disease in childhood (1). Extra coronary atherosclerotic lesions, including calcification of the aortic valve and root, are present in those patients. Atherosclerotic thickening and obstruction of the ascendi...

Though the radial artery is an ideal site of access for coronary percutaneous interventions (PCI), anatomical variations may render this procedure more challenging. An aberrant right subclavian artery (arteria lusoria) arising from the descending aorta is an uncommon congenital variant that occurs in about 0.2–1.7% of the population. In such cases, the angulated retroesophageal course of this a...

Some celiac artery aneurysms are not suitable for endovascular therapy. We describe the case of a 63-year-old man with a celiac trunk aneurysm extending to the hepatosplenic bifurcation. The aneurysm was resected and oversewn at the origin from the abdominal aorta. A saphenous vein bypass from the supraceliac aorta to the celiac artery bifurcation was performed using a sutureless anastomotic de...

We found multiple aneurysms in the intracranial arteries and abdominal aorta of an 87-year-old Korean female cadaver, whose cause of death was reported as "cholangiocarcinoma." An abdominal aortic aneurysm was observed in the infrarenal aorta, where the inferior mesenteric artery arose. The intracranial aneurysms were found in the A3 segment of the anterior cerebral artery and at the bifurcatio...

The value of two dimensional echocardiography in identifying communications between the ascending aorta and pulmonary trunk or individual pulmonary arteries was assessed in 24 children, all of whom had either angiocardiographic and surgical or angiocardiographic confirmation alone. Fourteen cases had truncus arteriosus, four aortopulmonary window, four anomalous origin of the left pulmonary art...