Aortic stenosis consists in a narrowing or incomplete opening of the aortic valve. This typically alters the blood flow, causing turbulent and/or complex flow jets. Such jets display peak velocities considerably higher than those of normal flow, and a much broader range of flow velocities. Another form of aortic valve disease is aortic insufficiency, or regurgitation. This condition occurs when...

....................................................................................................... 1 POPULÄRVETENSKAPLIG SAMMANFATTNING ................................. 3 LIST OF ORIGINAL PAPERS ........................................................................ 5 ABBREVIATIONS ............................................................................................. 6 INTRODUCTIO...

IN contrast to the usual clinical course of congenital aortic valvular stenosis in older children, the infant with severe aortic stenosis often has early symptomnatology, a malignant clinical course with severe cardiac failure, and a grim prognosis. Congenital aortic valvular stenosis inl inifancy is generally considered to occur ill two formns: (1) an isolated lesion, similar to those eases ob...

Background Pressure recovery is the variable increase in lateral pressure downstream from a stenotic orifice. The magnitude and clinical significance of pressure recovery in aortic valve stenosis are poorly defined. Methods and Results We obtained high-fidelity pressure and velocity recordings in 11 patients with isolated significant aortic valve stenosis at the time of diagnostic cardiac cathe...

Follow-up of a group of subjects in whom an aortic ejection sound was the only abnormal finding revealed a bicuspid aortic valve at necropsy or operation in 6 cases. High speed echophonocardiographic studies in 15 subjects with aortic stenosis and known to have bicuspid valves, showed the ejection sound to be exactly synchronous with final halting of the opening aortic valve cusps. Echocardiogr...

egenerative aortic stenosis is the valve lesion in which our nderstanding of pathophysiology is most advanced. Deenerative changes in the aortic valve increase with age but o not inexorably lead to stenosis (1). Degenerative aortic tenosis has many similarities to atherosclerotic plaque istologically, and has many similar predisposing risk factors 2,3). Genetic factors also play a role, and spe...

The outcome of unrelieved severe symptomatic aortic stenosis in pregnancy is poor. Though the valve lesion can be corrected surgically before delivery at a low risk to the mother, cardiopulmonary bypass during pregnancy carries a high risk to the fetus. Two patients in the second trimester of pregnancy were successfully managed with balloon dilatation of the aortic valve. Both delivered healthy...

Heyde syndrome is a triad of aortic stenosis, an acquired coagulopathy and anaemia due to bleeding from intestinal angiodysplasia. The evidence that aortic stenosis is the root cause of this coagulopathy is compelling. Resolution of anaemia usually follows aortic valve replacement. This article discusses studies linking aortic stenosis with other conditions in the triad as well as diagnosis and...

Transcatheter aortic valve implantation is a treatment alternative for high-risk patients with severe aortic stenosis who are not eligible for conventional open aortic valve replacement. We describe a case of a rare but serious complication in the form of ventricular embolization of an Edwards Sapien-XT aortic valve following its transapical implantation. The valve was successfully captured and...

Congenital aortic valve anomalies are quite a rare finding in echocardiographic examinations. A case of a 19 year old man with a pentacuspid aortic valve without aortic stenosis and regurgitation, detected by transoesophageal echocardiography, is presented.