objective: the purpose of the present study was to compare response inhibition and cognitive appraisal in clients with acute stress disorder, clients with posttraumatic stress disorder, and normal individuals . method:  this  was a comparative study. the sample consisted of 40 clients with acute stress disorder, 40 patients with posttraumatic stress disorder, and 40 normal individuals from maza...

OBJECTIVES Health Risk Appraisals (HRAs) have been implemented in a variety of settings, however few studies have examined the impact of computerized HRAs systematically in primary care. The study aimed at the development and pilot testing of a novel, comprehensive HRA tool in primary care practices. METHODS We designed, implemented and pilot tested a novel, web-based HRA tool in four pair-ma...

OBJECTIVE Children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) overestimate their academic competencies (AC) relative to performance and informant indicators (i.e., positive illusory bias; PIB). Do adolescents with ADHD exhibit this PIB and does it render self-views inaccurate? We examined the magnitude of the AC-PIB in adolescents with and without ADHD, the predictive accuracy of pare...

OBJECTIVES Although cortical midline structures (CMS) are the most commonly identified neural foundations of self-appraisals, research is beginning to implicate the temporal-parietal junction (TPJ) in more interdependent self-construals. The goal of this study was to extend this research in an understudied population by (a) examining both direct (first-person) and reflected (third-person) self-...

This research documents how instructional design could be taught based on a particular view of teaching, one that regards teacher and student as mutual learners (co-participatory) and supports critical, self-appraisal (reflexivity) by all participants. In addition to how one views teaching, how one understands and views instructional design is another critical influence on how instructional des...

OBJECTIVE To examine the association between repeat participation in health risk appraisal (HRA) and change in health status. If low-risk individuals get worse in their health status, the amount of cost increase tends to be greater than the amount of cost reduction when high-risk individuals improve their health status. Thus, "no change" in health status was considered a desired change along wi...

BACKGROUND The research on Postpartum Depression (PPD) to date suggests that there is a knowledge gap regarding women's perception of their partners' role as carer and care activities they perform. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to describe women's understanding of their partners' or husbands' involvement in the midst of PPD. METHODS This study used interview data from a larger stud...

Regulators have extensively used warning signs in many health domains to enhance knowledge and shift attitudes and behaviors to reduce associated harm. The effectiveness of these signs is influenced by their physical attributes and content. Gambling warning signs traditionally focus on the following: informing individuals of the potentially risky outcomes of gambling and the odds of winning, en...

Recent years have seen growing interest into concepts of resilience, but minimal research has explored resilience to suicide and none has investigated resilience to suicide amongst clinical groups. The current study aimed to examine whether a proposed resilience factor, positive self-appraisals of the ability to cope with emotions, difficult situations and the ability to gain social support, co...

A field study was conducted to identify cultural factors--values, beliefs, and related characteristics--associated with health-risk behavior among adult members of the Cheyenne River Sioux Tribe. The Cultural Values Survey (CVS), an instrument for measuring cultural values and related characteristics, was developed and pilot tested in the study population. This instrument, along with the Health...