background and objectives: nowadays, the use of educational models to determine the causes of rejection of health-related behaviors has been on theincrease. health belief model is one of the models during the past years has been considered. therefore, the aim of this study was to measure health belief model constructs in preventive behavior about self-medication in pregnant women in the city of...

salmonella enterica is considered as one of the major pathogens in public health, worldwide. diseases caused by salmonella enterica serovars are especially prevalent in developing countries. it is one of the emerging pathogen in food-borne diseases, which is often found in contaminated chicken eggs. the aim of this study was to apply a pcr–rflp method using sau3ai and hhai restriction endonucle...

the activity concentrations of 235u, 232th, 226ra, 40k and 137cs in ground and surface of drinking water resources in iranian city of arak were determined by gamma ray spectrometry with ahpge detector setup, coaxial p type and 8192 channels mca. the water samples differed in radioactivity content depending on their origin and place. in the drinking water samples from aman abad, mobarak abad, an...

OBJECTIVES To explore young adult women smokers' cognitive and emotional response to using dark brown 'plain' cigarette packs in natural settings and whether plain packaging is associated with any short-term change in smoking behaviour. DESIGN A naturalistic approach. Participants used plain cigarette packs provided to them for 1 week and for 1 week their own fully branded packs, but otherwis...

The reflection and transmission of thermoelastic plane waves at an imperfect boundary of two dissimilar fibre-reinforced transversely isotropic thermoelastic solid half-spaces under hydrostatic initial stress has been investigated. The appropriate boundary conditions are applied at the interface to obtain the reflection and transmission coefficients of various reflected and transmitted waves wi...

We consider polygonal Markov fields originally introduced by Arak and Surgailis [2]. Our attention is focused on fields with nodes of order two, which can be regarded as continuum ensembles of non-intersecting contours in the plane, sharing a number of features with the two-dimensional Ising model. We introduce non-homogeneous version of polygonal fields in anisotropic enviroment. For these fie...

We consider polygonal Markov fields originally introduced by Arak and Surgailis [1, 2]. Our attention is focused on fields with nodes of order two, which can be regarded as continuum ensembles of non-intersecting contours in the plane, sharing a number of salient features with the two-dimensional Ising model. The purpose of this paper is to establish an explicit stochastic representation for th...

BACKGROUND Studies have shown that abdominal girth and vertebral column length have high predictive value for spinal spread after administering a dose of plain bupivacaine. we designed a study to identify the specific correlations between abdominal girth, vertebral column length and a 0.5% dosage of plain bupivacaine, which should provide a minimum upper block level (T12) and a suitable upper b...

BACKGROUND Preliminary work has shown that ropivacaine provides spinal anaesthesia of shorter duration than bupivacaine, and may be of particular use in the day-case setting. However, there are few data comparing the actions of plain and hyperbaric solutions of this drug. METHODS Forty ASA grade I-II patients undergoing elective perineal surgery under spinal anaesthesia were randomized to rec...