Bombus terrestris bumblebees are important pollinators of wild flowers, and in modern agriculture they are used to guarantee pollination of vegetables and fruits. In the field it is likely that worker bees are exposed to pesticides during foraging. To date, several tests exist to assess lethal and sublethal side-effects of pesticides on bee survival, growth/development and reproduction. Within ...

Abstract Honey bees are valued pollinators of agricultural crops, and heavy losses reported by beekeepers have spurred efforts to identify causes. As social insects, threats honey should be assessed evaluating the effects stress on long-term health productivity entire colony. Insect growth disruptors a class pesticides encountered that target pathways involved in insect development, reproductio...

We propose cognitive design patterns (CDPs) as a general methodology to design distributed artificial systems capable of cognitive processing. CDPs are reusable solutions that leverage the current understanding of cognitive processing in natural distributed systems, and that put this knowledge in use for the design of artificial ones [2]. In this paper, we derive a CDP for collective decision m...

Reducing the sensors' energy expenditure to prolong network lifespan as long possible remains a fundamental problem in field of wireless networks. Particularly applications with inaccessible environments, which impose crucial constraints on sensor replacement. It is, therefore, necessary design adaptive routing protocols, taking into account environmental and limited sensors. To have an energy-...

The technological method of isolation queen bees lies in more reasonable ways using the potential working bees, increasing their life expectancy, obtaining strong flying and also honey collection. study optimal terms reproductive activity, characteristics biological connections between physiological state collecting carbohydrate food varying natural climatic conditions is particular practical s...

The highly social (eusocial) corbiculate bees, comprising the honey bees, bumble bees, and stingless bees, are ubiquitous insect pollinators that fulfill critical roles in ecosystem services and human agriculture. Here, we conduct wide sampling across the phylogeny of these corbiculate bees and reveal a dynamic evolutionary history behind their microbiota, marked by multiple gains and losses of...

Three species of bumble bees, Bombus appositus Cresson, Bombus bifarius, Cresson and Bombus centralis Cresson (Hymenoptera: Apidae) were evaluated for nest initiation success under three sets of initial conditions. In the spring, gynes of each species were caught in the wild and introduced to nest boxes in one of three ways. Gynes were either introduced in conspecific pairs, singly with two hon...

Due to sporadic climate change and global warming, world have signed international protocols promising to reduce their nation's emissions. This study focuses on the application of the bees algorithm, embedded with an artificial neural network, to determine practical yearly reductions for minimizing oil, natural gas, and coal emissions as by-products of energy consumption in Canada's manufacturi...

Social bees are central place foragers collecting floral resources from the surrounding landscape, but little is known about the probability of a scouting bee finding a particular flower patch. We therefore developed a software tool, BEESCOUT, to theoretically examine how bees might explore a landscape and distribute their scouting activities over time and space. An image file can be imported, ...

Light Detection and Ranging (LIDAR) systems have become a standard data collection technology for capturing object surface information and 3D modeling of urban areas. Although, LIDAR systems provide detailed valuable geometric information, they still require extensive interpretation of their data for object extraction and recognition to make it practical for mapping purposes. A fundamental step...