Although Escherichia coli can be genetically engineered to degrade environmental toxic organophosphate compounds (OPs) to nontoxic materials, a critical problem in such whole cell systems is limited substrate diffusion. The present work examined whether periplasmic expression of organophosphorus hydrolase (OPH) resulted in better whole cell enzymatic activity compared to standard cytosolic expr...

BACKGROUND Chiral base desymmetrisation of dimethyl sulfoximines could provide a general route to chiral, enantioenriched dialkyl sulfoximines with potential for use in asymmetric catalysis. RESULTS Asymmetric deprotonation of N-trialkylsilyl dimethyl sulfoximines with either enantiomer of lithium N,N-bis(1-phenylethyl)amide in the presence of lithium chloride affords enantioenriched sulfoxim...

Ophiobolins (Ophs) are a group of tricarbocyclic sesterterpenoids whose structures contain a tricyclic 5-8-5 carbotricyclic skeleton. Thus far, 49 natural Ophs have been reported and assigned into A-W subgroups in order of discovery. While these sesterterpenoids were first characterized as highly effective phytotoxins, later investigations demonstrated that they display a broad spectrum of biol...

Embolization of head and neck hypervascular tumors is a well-established therapeutic technique. Preoperative embolization reduces intraoperative blood loss, shortens the length of surgery, and decreases surgical morbility and mortality. This study assesses the safety and efficacy of preoperative embolization of meningiomas fed by the OPH by using Onyx liquid embolic agent.

A review of nineteen hundred cases of acute poisoning admitted to the Intensive Care Unit shows that poisoning was responsible for 40% of the emergencies treated at this Unit, between 15th January, 1976 to 15th November, 1985. Comparing our data with Western figures, it was noted that the pattern of poisoning in our Country is considerably different from that in the West. Organophosphorus insec...

The origins of enzyme specificity are well established. However, the molecular details underlying the ability of a single active site to promiscuously bind different substrates and catalyze different reactions remain largely unknown. To better understand the molecular basis of enzyme promiscuity, we studied the mammalian serum paraoxonase 1 (PON1) whose native substrates are lipophilic lactones...

An amperometric biosensor based on the immobilization of organophosphorus hydrolase (OPH) onto screen-printed carbon electrodes is shown useful for the rapid, sensitive, and low-cost detection of organophosphate (OP) nerve agents. The sensor relies upon the sensitive and rapid anodic detection of the enzymatically generated p-nitrophenol product at the OPH/Nafion layer immobilized onto the thic...

We introduce phosphorus(V) porphyrins (PPors) as sensitizers of high-potential photoanodes with potentials in the 1.62–1.65 V (vs.NHE) range when codeposited with Ir(III)Cp* on SnO2. The ability of PPors to advance the oxidation state of the Ir(III)Cp* to Ir(IV)Cp*, as required for catalytic water oxidation, is demonstrated by combining electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), steady-state fluore...

Spraying of organophosphorus insecticides (OPI) using high volume technique may result in poisoning cases among farmers or inhabitants in the spraying zone. This study reported a case among farmers in Gaza Strip, Palestine and discussed the follow up treatments. Results showed sever fasciculation of tongue and all muscle, pinpoint pupils not reacting to light, losing consciousness and disorient...

In order to find a fast, high efficient determination method of Organophosphorus Pesticides (OPPs) residue because OPPs widely used in crops pest control fields in China are causing fearful risks for environment as well as animals and human health, traditional and advanced determination methods were discussed in the study. Based on the spectrum analysis technology combined colorimetric OPPs res...