This report covers work of the Optics Division at Lincoln Laboratory for the period 1 January through 30 June 1974. The topics covered are laser technology and propagation and optical measuremerts and inst r urn ent ati on. Additional information on the optics program may be found in the semiannual technical summary reports to the Advanced Research Projects Agency.

Japanese and American 13-15-month-old infants distinguish between crossing a bounded ground (e.g., a street) versus an unbounded ground (e.g., a field). In English, the same verb – crossing – expresses both types. While language has been hypothesized to guide infants’ progression from language-general to language-specific event perception (Göksun et al., 2011), no prior studies examined this hy...

This article thoroughly details large-scale real world experiments using Software-Defined Networking in the testbed setup. More precisely, it provides a description of the foundation technology behind these experiments, which in turn is focused around OpenFlow and on the OFELIA testbed. In this testbed preliminary experiments were performed in order to tune up settings and procedures, analysing...

Software-defined networking is finding its way into optical networks. Here, it promises a simplification and unification of network management for optical networks allowing automation of operational tasks despite the highly diverse and vendor-specific commercial systems and the complexity and analog nature of optical transmission. A fundamental component for software-defined optical networking ...

Worldwide, electrical grids are developing into smart grids. To ensure reliability, robustness and optimized resource usage, these grids will need to rely heavily on modern information and communication technologies. To support the achievement of these goals in communication networks, we evaluated the possibility of using software-defined networking (SDN) infrastructure based on OpenFlow, to pr...

Modern network management is foremost a case of precise control: to implement practical traffic engineering and network security policies, a network operator needs to control the exact path traffic takes through a network. While conceptually simple, accomplishing this level of control is surprisingly difficult with traditional network control planes; in the end, the underlying distributed routi...

In the rain forests of Costa Rica, there is an unusual type of tree known as a “walking tree.” It is a strange looking tree. At the base of the tree is a tangle of roots, rising about a meter above the ground. It looks as if someone yanked the tree straight up out of the ground, leaving about a meter of its roots exposed above ground level. According to rain-forest guides, the walking tree actu...