A PREVIOUS STUDY lo reported the effect on man of exposure to an atmosphere consisting primarily of oxygen at reduced total pressure (190 mm. Hg). Arterial desaturation was found in two of eight test subjects at the conclusion of 17 days, suggesting the possibility of atelectasis being present. This was not cordlrmed by either x-ray or vital capacity data. Atelectasis had been noted, however, a...

Redox conditions in magma oceans (MOs) have a key influence on the mass and composition of Earth’s early atmosphere. If the shallow part of the MO is oxidized, it may be overlain by an H2O–CO2 atmosphere, but if the near-surface magma is close to equilibrium with Fe-rich alloy, then the atmosphere will consist chiefly of H2, H2O, and CO, and on cooling will be rich in CH4. Although MOs are inti...

The long-term variations in the atmospheric pressure and the polar cap temperature of Mars resulting from the obliquity oscillations (presented by W. R. Ward, 1974) are discussed. In performing these calculations, the assumption is made that the atmosphere is in equilibrium with perennial CO2 ice deposits at the north pole, as is proposed by R. B. Leighton and B.C. Murray (1966). If heat transp...

Dust devils are convective vortices rendered visible by lofted dust, and may be a significant means of injecting dust into the atmosphere, on both Earth and Mars. The fraction of vortices that are dust-laden is not well-understood, however. Here we report a May/June 2013 survey on a Nevada desert playa using small stations that record pressure and solar flux with high time resolution (2 Hz): th...

Phase transitions of atmospheric water play a ubiquitous role in the Earth’s climate system, but their direct impact on atmospheric dynamics has escaped wide attention. Here we examine and advance a theory as to how condensation influences atmospheric pressure through the mass removal of water from the gas phase with a simultaneous account of the latent heat release. Building from fundamental p...

The experiments reported in this paper are concerned with the inhibitory action of oxygen at 1 atmosphere pressure on the carbohydrate metabolism of heart muscle studied in vitro. It has been observed by several investigators that oxygen at 1 atmosphere pressure may have a harmful effect on the metabolism of mammalian tissue in vitro or on individual enzyme systems (l-5). Dickens (6, 7) and Sta...

[1] Asteroidal/cometary impacts should have delivered a large amount of organic matter to Earth and other planets during the heavy bombardment period. Most of the delivered organics, however, would decompose through either severe shock heating upon impact or intense aerodynamic interaction with the ambient atmosphere. Here, we demonstrate that organics decomposed by intense aerodynamic interact...

In two previous papers (Gowan 1928, 1930) calculating the effect of ozone on the temperature of the upper atmosphere, the height of the centre of gravity of the ozone layer was assumed to be about 45 km. Later, more reliable measurements were made (Gotz, Meetham & Dobson 1934) lowering this figure to 22 km., and also supplying the vertical distribution up to a little beyond 45 km. The results o...

[1] Under hydrostatic equilibrium, a typical assumption used in global thermosphere ionosphere models, the pressure gradient in the vertical direction is exactly balanced by the gravity force. Using the non-hydrostatic Global Ionosphere Thermosphere Model (GITM), which solves the complete vertical momentum equation, the primary characteristics of non-hydrostatic effects on the upper atmosphere ...