As increasing importance of symbiosis and cooperation among mobile communication industries, the mobile ecosystem has been especially highlighted in academia and practice. The structure of mobile ecosystem is quite complex and the ecological role of actors is important to understand that structure. In this respect, this study aims to explore structure of mobile ecosystem in the case of Korea us...

In this paper we introduce the different types of the Fractional Order PID controllers and presented some of its application to Industry and robotics Key-Words: Fractional Order Calculus, Differintegration, Fractional Order Controllers, Control Theory, Control Systems, PID controller, tuning, auto-tuning.

Since the fall of State Socialism in 1989, the world’s largest automakers have established 13 light vehicle assembly plants in the Central European nations of Czechia, Hungary, Poland, and Slovakia. Although it missed much of the 1990s boom, the central location of Slovakia’s city-regions, along with their skilled, but relatively inexpensive labor force, have resulted in that nation becoming a ...

This article presents a multilayer mobility management scheme for All-IP networks where local mobility movements (micro-mobility) are handled separately from global movements (macro-mobility). Furthermore, a hybrid scheme is proposed to handle macro-mobility (Mobile IP for non-real-time services and SIP for real-time services). The interworking between micromobility and macro-mobility is implem...

Mobile portals have become a common entry point to the mobile Internet, and take a number of forms. They may be service provider portals, such as Vodafone’s Live! portal (Vodafone, 2006), offering access to both in-house and brokered external services. Alternatively, they may be public pure play sites that provide some kind of managed access to resources using a yellowpages approach. Good examp...

The proliferation of mobile devices is gradually making it possible to access information anywhere at any time. However, the physical capabilities of the mobile device still greatly limit the experience of users because functionality has usually been traded off for ubiquity. Nonetheless, the enormous growth rate of new information appliances heralds the dawning of a device-rich era. In this pap...

Since the liberalization of the telecommunications industry in Mainland China during the early 1980’s, the mobile phone industry has seen significant development, registering huge increases in the number of users & manufacturers, and in production capacity. However, based on domestic market share statistics, international brands (IBs) continue to dominate the mobile phone market, indicating tha...

The Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) being specified by the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) and based upon Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) consists of a frequency division duplex (FDD) mode and a time division duplex (TDD) mode. In the UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA) TDD mode, system capacity is maximized with base stations (Node B's) in a UTRA T...