Transfer learning uses relevant auxiliary data to help the learning task in a target domain where labeled data is usually insufficient to train an accurate model. Given appropriate auxiliary data, researchers have proposed many transfer learning models. How to find such auxiliary data, however, is of little research so far. In this paper, we focus on the problem of auxiliary data retrieval, and...

helicopter-borne frequency-domain electromagnetic (hem) surveys are used extensively for mineral and groundwater exploration and a number of environmental investigations. to have a meaningful interpretation of the measured multi- frequency hem data, in addition to the resistivity maps which are provided in each frequency or for some particular depth levels, it is a necessity to have a suit...

This article presents a new method for maximum likelihood estimation of logistic regression models with incomplete covariate data where auxiliary information is available. This auxiliary information is extraneous to the regression model of interest but predictive of the covariate with missing data. Ibrahim (1990, Journal of the American Statistical Association 85, 765-769) provides a general me...

From Owicki-Gries’ resource invariants and Jones’ rely/guarantee to modern variants based on separation logic, axiomatic program logics for concurrency have a limited form of compositionality. Proving non-trivial properties usually requires the use of auxiliary state, which is “objective” in the sense that each thread’s auxiliary state is given a globally-unique name. Since auxiliary state expo...

This paper presents an analysis of the Spanish auxiliary verbs from a syntactic point of view instead a semantic analysis that is proposed by the traditional Spanish grammars. The syntactic context of the Spanish auxiliary verbs is clarified with the definition of five properties, which allow us to determinate if a verb behave as an auxiliary verb or not. The subject raising verb type defined i...

We propose scoring rule mechanisms for eliciting honest responses to a multiple choice question, MCQ. The respondent’s score consists of two terms: an auxiliary score based on his response to a related auxiliary question, and the corresponding scores of other respondents giving the same response as him to the MCQ. For this to work, the auxiliary score has to be truth-incentive for the auxiliary...

the benefits of textual input enhancement in the acquisition of linguistic forms have produced mixed results in sla literature. the present study investigates the effects of textual enhancement on adult foreign language intake of two english linguistic forms-subjunctive mood and inversion structures-to explore the role of the type of linguistic items in input enhancement studies. it also invest...

Auxiliary variables are often needed for verifying that an implementation is correct with respect to a higher-level specification. They augment the formal description of the implementation without changing its semantics—that is, the set of behaviors that it describes. This paper explains rules for adding history, prophecy, and stuttering variables to TLA specifications, ensuring that the augmen...

In the sieve theories of Rosser-Iwaniec and Diamond-Halberstam-Richert, the upper and lower bound sieve functions (F and f, respectively) satisfy a coupled system of diierential-diierence equations with retarded arguments. To aid in the study of these functions, Iwaniec introduced a conjugate diierence-diierential equation with an advanced argument, and gave a solution, q, which is analytic in ...

Variational methods have proved popular and effective for inference and learning in intractable graphical models. An attractive feature of the approaches based on the KullbackLeibler divergence is a rigorous lower bound on the normalization constants in undirected models. In the suggested work we explore the idea of using auxiliary variables to improve on the lower bound of standard mean field ...