Maki, Leroy R. (University of Wyoming, Laramie), and Kay Picard. Normal intestinal flora of cattle fed high-roughage rations. J. Bacteriol. 89:1244-1249. 1965.-Intestinal bacteria were isolated from 15 cattle. Approximately 600 isolates were studied, and their presence and numbers in the duodenum, ileum, cecum, and colon were noted. Bacteria most frequently isolated from all parts of the intest...

Bacteria were either heat fixed on microscope slides or filtered with 0.2 micron-pore-size Nuclepore filters. The samples were stained with 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) for total staining and with polyvalent rabbit antibodies and fluorescein isothiocyanate-conjugated swine anti-rabbit antibodies for specific staining. By switching between two different optical filter packages in the mic...

This overview covers the basic microbial ecology of recirculating hydroponic solutions. Examples from NASA and Soviet CELSS tests and the commercial hydroponic industry will be used. The sources of microorganisms in nutrient solutions include air, water, seeds, plant containers and plumbing, biological vectors, and personnel. Microbial fates include growth, death, and emigration. Important micr...

The aim was to evaluate the presence of Staphylococcus spp., Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonadaceae in the oral cavities of HIV-positive patients. Forty-five individuals diagnosed as HIV-positive by ELISA and Western-blot, and under anti-retroviral therapy for at least 1 year, were included in the study. The control group constituted 45 systemically healthy individuals matched to the HIV patie...

Colony counting by spreading bacterial suspensions on plating media by various techniques is of general concern. Comparative studies between hand plating (Drigalski-spatula technique) for different time intervals and spiral plating resulted in significant differences in colony counts. Lower counts of Gram-negative bacteria were obtained by using hand plating for more than 10s, compared with sho...

Nitrification is one of the important microbiological transformations of nitrogen in the ocean. Traditional enrichment-culture methods for enumerating the autotrophic bacteria which oxidize ammonium to nitrite are very time consuming (months) and are believed to seriously underestimate natural abundances. A fluorescent-antibody assay for a marine ammonium-oxidizing bacterium was developed to pr...

The bacteriological quality of unfrozen raw ground beef was evaluated after 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, and 18 days of storage at 29 +/- 1 F (-1.7 +/- 0.6 C). At the time of fabrication, all of the ground beef samples contained 10(6) or fewer total aerobic and psychrotrophic bacteria/g; 81% contained 100 or fewer coliforms/g; 94% contained 100 or fewer Escherichia coli/g; and all of the samples contain...

A membrane culture technique was developed for directly exposing microorganisms to test atmospheres. Inhibition and killing were calculated from comparisons with air-grown cultures. Direct colony counts were used with low inocula. With mass inocula, plate colony counts and optical-density measurements were made on resuspended filter populations. Bacteria, including Escherichia coli, were more s...

Two bacterial strains isolated from the aquifer underlying Oyster, Va., were recently injected into the aquifer and monitored using ferrographic capture, a high-resolution immunomagnetic technique. Injected cells were enumerated on the basis of a vital fluorescence stain, whereas total cell numbers (stained target cells plus unstained target and antigenically similar indigenous bacteria) were i...

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of three active substances, diflufenican, mesosulfuron-methyl and iodosulfuron-methyl-sodium, applied in combination, on soil microbial counts, the structure of soil microbial communities, activity of soil enzymes and their resistance to the tested product, the biochemical indicator of soil fertility, and spring wheat yield. Soil samples with th...