Glutamatergic inputs clustered over ~20-40 μm can elicit local NMDA spike/plateau potentials in terminal dendrites of cortical pyramidal neurons, inspiring the notion that a single terminal dendrite can function as a decision-making computational subunit. A typical terminal basal dendrite is ~100-200 μm long: could it function as multiple decision-making subunits? We test this by sequential foc...

We characterized the role of potential cAMP-responsive elements (CRE) in basal and in induced angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) gene promoter activity in order to shed light on the regulation of somatic ACE expression. We identified stimulators and repressors of basal expression between 122 and 288 bp and between 415 and 1303 bp upstream from the transcription start site, respectively, using ...

In this paper we show how the generation of documents can be thought of as a k-stage Markov process, which leads to a Fisher kernel from which the n-gram and string kernels can be reconstructed. The Fisher kernel view gives a more exible insight into the string kernel and suggests how it can be parametrised in a way that re-ects the statistics of the training corpus. Furthermore, the prob-abili...

Background/Aims Little research has been done to evaluate the effect of stress in exacerbating the symptoms associated with gastroesophageal reflux (GER). We aimed to investigate the effect of acute stress on esophageal motility and GER parameters in healthy volunteers. Methods A total of 10 (M:F = 8:2, median age 34 years-old) healthy volunteers without any recurrent gastrointestinal symptom...

Roots of perennial plants have both persistent portion and fast-cycling units represented by different levels of branching. In woody species, the distal nonwoody branch orders as a unit are born and die together relatively rapidly (within 1-2 years). However, whether the fast-cycling units also exist in perennial herbs is unknown. We monitored root demography of seven perennial herbs over two y...

conclusions hematoma block analgesia used in distal radius fractures of the elderly is a very safe and effective method that seems preferable to general anesthesia in emergency departments. objectives the aim of this study was to compare two analgesia methods including hematoma block and general anesthesia in people over 60 years in the orthopedic emergency department. methods 68 elderly patien...

background:  fractures of the distal third of the tibia are mostly associated with a fibular fracture that often requires fixation. the preferred treatment of distal tibial fracture is the minimally invasive percutaneous plate osteosynthesis  (mippo) procedure. however, there are no clear cut guidelines on fixation of the fibular fracture and currently most orthopedic surgeons use a plate osteo...

Efficient parallelization of genetic algorithms (GAs) on state-of-the-art multi-threading or many-threading platforms is a challenge due to the difficulty of schedulation of hardware resources regarding the concurrency of threads. In this paper, for resolving the problem, a novel method is proposed, which parallelizes the GA by designing three concurrent kernels, each of which running some depe...