in this article, the writer, exploring the most important theories of psychologists, anthropologists and sociologists about the origin of religion and roots of religiosity, tries to show that there is no ultimate agreement and explanation about these questions and that the currently working theories are suffering from grave theoretical and/or empirical shortcomings. the writer, however, argues ...

Abstract In this paper, I argue that the distinction between standard and non-standard pragmatic implications, originally used to differentiate among types of conversational implicatures, applies family contents—traditionally referred as ‘presuppositions’—that exhibit projective behaviour. Following scholars working within Question Under Discussion model communication, distinguish two implicati...

In this paper, we offer a novel analysis of presuppositions, paving particular attention to the interaction between the knowledge resources that are required to interpret them. The analysis has two main features. First, we capture an analogy between presuppositions, anaphora and scope ambiguity (cf. van der Sandt 1992), by utilizing semantic underspecification (c£ Reyle 1993). Second, resolving...

In Martin-Löf’s Constructive Type Theory (CTT) judgements are given in terms of assertion conditions. They, in turn, furnish an account of the key notions of presupposition, assumption, and premise. The analysis spells out required epistemic and alethic constraints on the notion of truth for categorical and hypothetical judgements. The distinctions drawn throw new light on the proper connection...

The paper deals with empirical questions that come attached with a presupposition. In case that the presupposition is not true, there is no unambiguous direct answer. In such a case an adequate complete answer is a negated presupposition. Yet these simple ideas are connected with a bunch of problems. First, we must distinguish between a pragmatic and semantic presupposition, and thus also betwe...

چکیده the issue of validity and non-validity of absolute conjecture, although frequently studied and researched by great scholars, is still in need of further research, since the studies and researches carried out so far are typically based on the presuppositions that have been regarded as indisputable and needless of study and research; whereas, in fact, they are not indisputable and need furt...

this study proposes a modified version of cultural algorithms (cas) which benefits from rule-based system for influence function. this rule-based system selects and applies the suitable knowledge source according to the distribution of the solutions. this is important to use appropriate influence function to apply to a specific individual, regarding to its role in the search process. this rule ...

The paper problematises the origins, characteristics, and implications of term Weltliteratur, proffering critical insights into its interdisciplinary, transnational character presuppositions about discontinuous development. Having been initially conceptualised as a heretofore undeveloped research area, domain “world literature” is first eulogised worthy further scholarly attention by Johann Wol...

We are working on a knowledge base to store 3D Andean textile patterns together with rich cultural and historic context information. This will allow ontological studies in museum collections as well as on ethnographic and archaeological fieldwork. We build on an existing ontology, extending it to incorporate more content and make it more accessible. This goes well beyond storing and retrieving ...