Chemotherapy has achieved great success in cancer treatment during recent past decades, but it is still challenged by poor solubility, low tumor selectivity, and associated toxicity of most anticancer drugs. The prodrug strategy is one of the most commonly used chemical/biochemical strategies towards improving the therapeutic index of anticancer drugs. A prodrug is defined as a chemically modif...

Drug-induced liver injury presents with extremely diverse histologic patterns, including necroinflammatory, cholestatic, steatotic and vascular patterns. Sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (SOS), also referred to as toxic sinusoidal injury, veno-occlusive disease or “blue liver syndrome”, is a commonly recognized vascular pattern of drug-induced liver injury, and has been frequently associated wit...

Although urothelial carcinoma (UC) is considered a chemotherapy-sensitive tumor, progression-free survival and overall (OS) are typically short following standard first-line (1L) platinum-containing chemotherapy in patients with locally advanced or metastatic disease. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have antitumor activity UC favorable safety profiles compared chemotherapy; however, trials ...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic impact of hemoglobin (Hb) levels before and throughout the course of platinum-based chemotherapy in patients with primary epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). Medical records of patients who had undergone initial surgery followed by platinum-based chemotherapy for EOC were retrospectively studied. Univariate and Cox-regression models were used to...

OBJECTIVES The objective of this study was to update the long-term outcome in the treatment of locally advanced upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) after radical nephroureterectomy (RNU) regarding the role of adjuvant chemotherapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS Clinical data from 138 patients who underwent RNU for locally advanced UTUC (pT3/4 or pN+) were analyzed. RESULTS The adjuvant chemothe...

The aims of this retrospective study were to evaluate the efficacy of different steroid formulations (depot vs oral) and if the continuous administration of steroids throughout and beyond a CHOP protocol might improve the survival time and rate of cats with mediastinal lymphoma. The medical records of client-owned cats diagnosed with mediastinal lymphoma were reviewed at two veterinary referral...

Using an existing ordinary differential equation model which describes the interaction of the immune system with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), we introduce chemotherapy in an early treatment setting through a dynamic treatment and then solve for an optimal chemotherapy strategy. The control represents the percentage of effect the chemotherapy has on the viral production. Using an obje...

PURPOSE The present study was undertaken to evaluate the effects of adjuvant anthracycline-based chemotherapy on thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels in patients with breast cancer who had undergone surgery. METHODS Body mass index (BMI), serum lipids (total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol and triglycerides), serum TBARS and SOD v...

Almost half of cancer patients experience cachexia syndrome. Cachexic patients are at risk of increased side effects of chemotherapy, reduced tolerance to chemotherapy drugs, longer duration of treatment period, and decreased quality of life. Cancer cachexia is a multifactorial syndrome. Micro ribonucleic acid (miRNA), a “non-coding RNA”, is considered to be a risk factor of cachexia and muscle...