Natural language is a common type of input for data processing systems. Therefore, it is often required to have a large testing data set of this type. In this context, the task to automatically generate natural language texts, which maintain the properties of real texts is desirable. However, current synthetic data generators do not capture natural language text data sufficiently. In this paper...

We bring together knowledge from two different types of language learning data, texts learners read and texts they write, to improve linguistic complexity classification in the latter. Linguistic complexity in the foreign and second language learning context can be expressed in terms of proficiency levels. We show that incorporating features capturing lexical complexity information from reading...

Determination and early detection of emerging trends can be retrieved from numeric data as well as from texts. Using texts for trend mining brings advances for the recognition process. The systematic integration of informaion descriptions and metadata schemes enable the additional semantic analysis of the available information. In this paper, we introduce the issue of trend recognition in infor...

In this paper, we propose a new text recognition model based on measuring the visual similarity of text and predicting the content of the unlabeled texts. First a Siamese network is trained with deep supervision on a labeled training dataset. This network projects texts into a similarity manifold. The Deeply Supervised Siamese network learns visual similarity of texts. Then a K-nearest neighbor...

Multiple sequence alignment techniques have recently gained popularity in the Natural Language community, especially for tasks such as machine translation, text generation, and paraphrase identification. Prior work falls into two categories, depending on the type of input used: (a) parallel corpora (e.g., multiple translations of the same text) or (b) comparable texts (non-parallel but on the s...

One of the benefits of the comparative study of legal institutions is that it exposes the extent to which they are shaped by contingency as well as by logic or principle. What is regarded in one jurisdiction as the only possible or acceptable way of doing something is often revealed to be pure preconception. In other words, the comparative study of law can act as a balance to the unconscious et...

1 LIST OF ORIGINAL PAPERS 1 THE AUTHOR’S CONTRIBUTION 2 ABBREVIATIONS AND CONCEPTS USED IN THE THESIS AND THEIR DEFINITIONS 3

Discrimination of tree species with different ages is performed in three classifications using hyperspectral data. The first classification is between Broadleaves and pines; the second classification is between Broadleaves, Corsican Pines, and Scots Pines, and the third classification is between six tree species including different ages of Corsican and Scots Pines. These three classifications a...

Understanding natural language texts is a simple task for human beings, but despite recent advances, it is still a challenge for computational devices. An important step in allowing machines to understand texts in natural language is to annotate lexemes with semantic information. Semantic information has several levels and aspects, but a type of semantic annotation that has the ability to help ...