Abstract—Vegetation affects the mean and turbulent flow structure. It may increase flood risks and sediment transport. Therefore, it is important to develop analytical approaches for the bed shear stress on vegetated bed, to predict resistance caused by vegetation. In the recent years, experimental and numerical models have both been developed to model the effects of submerged vegetation on ope...

Debris flows are complex solid-fluid mixtures, which travel downslope under the influence of gravity. The destructive potential a debris flow is governed by its volume and speed, both can be significantly enhanced erosion soil bed material along path. Existing friction-induced theories simplify as an equivalent fluid that induces frictional shear stress on bed. Erosion occurs when exceeds stren...

Abstract This research aims to investigate the near-bed turbulent flow characteristics in a meandering channel with both mobile bed and immobile conditions. Experiments were performed prismatic rectangular non-uniform sand of size d50 = 0.523mm. The three-dimensional instantaneous fluid velocity was collected using Acoustic Doppler velocimeter which will provide important results related turbul...

Understanding the mechanics of bed load at the flood scale is necessary to link hydrology to landscape evolution. Here we report on observations of the transport of coarse sediment tracer particles in a cobblebedded alluvial river and a step-pool bedrock tributary, at the individual flood and multi-annual timescales. Tracer particle data for each survey are composed of measured displacement len...

Pools are often observed in gravel-bed rivers, together with the presence of vegetation patches. In present study, a conceptual model gradual varied flow both convective deceleration and acceleration sections has been constructed flume to study turbulent structures. Vegetation patches extended canopies were planted pool order increase thickness boundary layer inside inner zone. The effects diff...

OBJECTIVE Laminar shear stress is atheroprotective for endothelial cells (ECs), whereas nonlaminar, disturbed, or oscillatory shear stress correlates with development of atherosclerosis and neointimal hyperplasia. The effects of orbital and laminar shear stress on EC morphology, proliferation, and apoptosis were compared. METHODS ECs were exposed to orbital shear stress with an orbital shaker...

Background—Atherosclerotic lesions are predominantly observed in curved arteries and near side branches, where low or oscillatory shear stress patterns occur, suggesting a causal connection. However, the effect of shear stress on plaque vulnerability is unknown because the lack of an appropriate in vivo model precludes cause-effect studies. Methods and Results—We developed a perivascular shear ...