Children suffering from attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) often also display impaired learning and memory. Previous research has documented aberrant reward processing in ADHD as well as impaired sleep-dependent consolidation of declarative memory. We investigated whether sleep also fosters the consolidation of behavior learned by probabilistic reward and whether ADHD patients with...

for a long time, scientists have tried to describe disorders just by genetic or environmental factors. however, the role of epigenetics in human diseases has been considered from a half of century ago. in the last decade, this subject has attracted many interests, especially in complicated disorders such as behavior plasticity, memory, cancer, autoimmune disease, and addiction as well as neurod...

We examined the associations between mental disorders and suicidal behavior (ideation, plans, and attempts) among new soldiers using data from the New Soldier Study (NSS) component of the Army Study to Assess Risk and Resilience in Servicemembers (Army STARRS; N = 38,507). Most new soldiers with a pre-enlistment history of suicide attempt reported a prior mental disorder (59.0%). Each disorder ...

OBJECTIVE Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) increases the risk of suicidal behavior; a major depressive episode also increases the risk for suicidal behavior. The authors' goal was to examine the effect of comorbid PTSD and major depressive episode on suicidal behavior. METHOD Inpatients with a diagnosis of major depressive episode (N=156) were assessed for PTSD, suicidal behavior, and cli...

In recent years, the study of human behavior has been greatly enriched by advances in the biologic and physiologic sciences and the concomitant development of organic methods, especially drugs, to alter and to treat cognitive, affective, and behavior disorders. In particular, recent refinements in the techniques for measuring plasma hormone levels have prompted increased interest in the psychoe...

Objectives: The present study aimed to determine the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy on internalizing problems of children with externalizing disorders Methods: It was an experimental study with a pre-test/post-test control group design. Among the students of elementary schools of Tehran City, Iran, 90 boys were selected based on the motherschr('39') report and the Child Behavior...

statement of the problem in iran and most countries temporomandibular disorders (tmds) are part of the education curriculum of general dentistry. most patients with these disorders are first referred to dentists. therefore, awareness of general dentists’ knowledge in this field is very important purpose the aim of this study was to evaluate knowledge and beliefs of general dental practitioners ...

ôbjective: the çhild behavior checklist (çbçl) is a comprehensive symptom rating scale in child and adolescent psychiatry and a major instruments being used in cross-cultural studies. this study was done to determine the symptom profile of a community sample of ïranian youths using the çbçl-persian version. methods: through a random probability sampling, five clusters in four central geographic...

Clinicians make a variety of assessments about their clients, from judging personality traits to making diagnoses, and a variety of methods are available to do so, ranging from observations to structured interviews. A large body of work demonstrates that from a brief glimpse of another's nonverbal behavior, a variety of traits and inner states can be accurately perceived. Additionally, from the...

A large amount of studies of the last decades revealed an association between human behavior and oscillatory activity in the human brain. Alike, abnormalities of oscillatory activity were related with pathological behavior in many neuropsychiatric disorders, such as in Parkinson's disease (PD) or in schizophrenia (SCZ). As a therapeutic tool, non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) has demonstrat...