We propose to measure the ratio κ31 of bend elastic constant K3 over splay K1 a nematic phase by using an optical method based on measurement birefringence homeotropic/planar hybrid samples. This is compared classical measurements Freedericksz transition under AC electric field and its advantages disadvantages are discussed. Both methods applied close nematic-to-SmA liquid crystal 8CB nematic-t...

We modified a 2-bend cystotome for continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis (CCC) in manual or phacoemulsification cataract surgery to improve the safety and ease of performance. A 26G needle was converted into a cystotome with 3 bends. In this retrospective study, the performance of modified 3-bend cystotome was compared with conventional 2-bend cystotome. During cataract surgery, in the 3-bend cy...

It has been proposed that the superconductivity of Sr2RuO4 is characterized by pairing that is unconventional and, furthermore, spontaneously breaks time-reversal symmetry. However, one of the key expected consequences, viz., that the ground state should exhibit chiral-charge currents localized near the boundaries of the sample, has not been observed, to date. We explore an alternative implicat...

The measurement of the saddle-splay surface elastic constant K~4 in a nernatic liquid crystal is reported based on two independent deuterium nuclear-magnetic-resonance (H-NMR) experiments. Fifty years after the pioneering work of Oseen and Zocher, these measurements were made from observations of nematic director-field configurations and a configuration transition discovered in submicrometer-si...

In this work, using the scattering matrix method, we have investigated the transmission coefficients and the thermal conductivity in a double-bend waveguide structure. The transmission coefficients show strong resonances due to the scattering in the midsection of a double-bend structure; the positions and the widths of the resonance peaks are determined by the dimensions of the midsection of th...

A simultaneous embedding with fixed edges (SEFE) of two planar graphs R and B is a pair of plane drawings of R and B that coincide when restricted to the common vertices and edges of R and B. We show that whenever R and B admit a SEFE, they also admit a SEFE in which every edge is a polygonal curve with few bends and every pair of edges has few crossings. Specifically: (1) if R and B are trees ...