Efforts to 'operationalize' a concept of sustainability into appraisal methods for practical decisionmaking have been few and generally unpersuasive. In this paper it is argued that this need not be the case if a set of environmentally compensating, or 'shadow', projects within an overall portfolio are used to ensure a sustainability objective of setting a constraint on the depletion and degrad...

Extensions of unemployment insurance (UI) benefits have been implemented in response to the Great Recession. This paper measures the effect of these extensions on the unemployment rate using a calibrated structural model featuring job search and consumption-saving decisions, skill depreciation, and UI eligibility. The ongoing UI benefit extensions are found to have raised the unemployment rate ...

Health technology The study compared two intervention strategies for the management of Helicobacter pylori (Hp). Strategy 1 was population-based Hp screening with subsequent treatment for all positive screened individuals. Strategy 2 was no screening, with the testing and treatment of Hp only if associated clinical symptoms were documented. Screening was performed using an enzyme immunoassay to...

forty-two weaned lori-bakhtiari lambs were taken in an investigation for the effects of two-nutritional management methods of restricted vs. re-alimentation feeding on intake, growth and as well on the cost benefit analysis. during the feed restriction period (frp), the control (c) animals were fed low-quality roughage ad libitum, plus mixed concentrate. the restricted animals (r) were fed only...